Clinical Psych

Question 1

What does DSM-5 stand for?

Answer 1

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychological Disorders (5th edition)

Question 2

What is a Symptom?

Answer 2

A physical or mental feature that may be regarded as an indication of a particular condition or psychological disorder.

Question 3

What is a Psychological Disorder?

Answer 3

a “clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior” that is “usually associated with significant distress or disability n social, occupational, or other important activities.”

Question 4

What does Psychopathology refer to?

Answer 4

Either the scientific study of psychological disorders or to the disorders themselves.

Question 5

What does Abnormal Psychology seek to do?

Answer 5

Characterize the nature and origins of psychological disorders.

Question 6

What does Clinical Psychology refer to?

Answer 6

The assessment and treatment of psychological disorders.

Question 7

What does Prevalence refer to?

Answer 7

How widespread a disorder is.

Question 8

What are the two types of prevalence that researchers typically consider?

Answer 8

Point Prevalence and Lifetime Prevalence

Question 9

What does Point Prevalence refer to?

Answer 9

The percentage of people in a given population who has a given psychological disorder at a particular point in time.

Question 10

What does Lifetime Prevalence refer to?

Answer 10

The percentage of people in a certain population who will have a given psychological disorder at any point in their lives.

Question 11

What is a Clinical Assessment?

Answer 11

A procedure for gathering the info that is needed to evaluate a client’s psychological functioning and to determine whether a diagnosis is warranted.

Question 12

What are Self-Report Measures?

Answer 12

Standardized measures that consist of fixed set of questions that the client answers.

Question 13

What is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)?

Answer 13

The most common psychometric test devised to assess personality traits and psychopathology

Question 14

What are Projective Tests?

Answer 14

The client is asked to respond to unstructured or ambiguous stimuli (typically pictures), providing info about their unconscious wishes and conflicts.

Question 15

What are two examples of Projective Tests?

Answer 15

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) and the Rorschach Inkblot Test

Question 16

What occurs in the TAT?

Answer 16

The client makes up a story to describe what is going on in a picture.

Question 17

What occurs in the Rorschach Test?

Answer 17

The client describes what they see in a series of standardized inkblots.

Question 18

What idea where early therapies based on?

Answer 18

The idea that psychological disorders were caused by evil spirits.

Question 19

What is Trephination?

Answer 19

A treatment where providers cut large holes in a patient’s skull. so that the demons could be driven out through the “exit.”

Question 20

Whose work led to the dramatic growth of state-supported institutions for psychological care in the U.S. and Canada?

Answer 20

Dorothea Dix

Question 21

What is General Paresis?

Answer 21

A disorder characterized by a broad decline in physical and psychological functioning culminating in marked personality abnormalities that include delusions concerning one’s own importance and imminent demise.

Question 22

Unlike the administration of psychological therapies, the administration of recognized biological therapies..?

Answer 22

Always requires a license.

Question 23

What are three barriers that keep people from seeking or obtaining therapy?

Answer 23

1. Access
2. Financial
3. Recognition

Question 24

As a general rule, cognitive-behavioral therapists are..?

Answer 24

Present-focused. They are concerned with identifying and solving problems that their clients wish to address.

Question 25

What was the first wave of therapies?

Answer 25

Behavioral

Question 26

What was the second wave of therapies?

Answer 26

Cognitive

Question 27

What are third wave of therapies?

Answer 27

Therapies that retain the behavioral and cognitive therapists’ goal of addressing unhelpful patterns of thinking, feeling, and behavior.

Question 28

Name the two prominent third-wave therapies

Answer 28

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction

Question 29

What is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy?

Answer 29

To make it clear that clients can pursue valued goals despite having unwanted thoughts and feelings. To help the client achieve a greater awareness and acceptance of thoughts and feelings.

Question 30

What is Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction?

Answer 30

Teaches people to be present in the moment and to observe their thoughts, feelings, and sensations nonjudgmentally, and viewing them as products of their mind and not something greater. To help clients pursue valued goals despite the presence of irrational thoughts and feelings of anxiety.

Question 31

What does the first back-to-basis approach focus on?

Answer 31

The role and importance of physical activity

Question 32

What does the second back-to-basis approach focus on?

Answer 32

Exposue to natural environments

Question 33

Activation in which part of the brain is though to play a key role in stress responses linked to urban living?

Answer 33

The Amygdala

Question 34

Greater green exercise is associated with greater..?

Answer 34

Self-esteem and improved mood

Question 35

Who conducted one of the earliest formal studies of whether psychoanalysis and other “insight” therapies work?

Answer 35

Hans Eysenck

Question 36

What was Eysenck’s conclusion?

Answer 36

Therapy seemed to decrease the spontaneous improvement evident in people who did not receive therapy.

Question 37

What is a meta-analysis?

Answer 37

A combination of results of many different studies.

Question 38

Were Eysenck’s initial conclusions right?

Answer 38

NO

Question 39

When we are seeking help, the question we really want to answer is not whether therapy works in general, but..?

Answer 39

Which therapy works best for a give issue.

Question 40

What are ESTs

Answer 40

Empirically Supported Treatments are treatments that research has shown to be effective.

Question 41

What does the Dodo Bird Verdict mean?

Answer 41

All the major forms of psychotherapy are equally eqivalent.

Question 42

Behavioral therapy seems especially effective in treating..?

Answer 42

Anxiety disorders, particularly the phobias, but is rarely used for things like personality disorders

Question 43

Cognitive therapy is effective in treating..?

Answer 43

Mood disorders and may be just as effective as drug treatment. It is also useful for other diagnoses, such as panic disorder and bulimia nervosa.

Question 44

Evidence suggests that the experimental therapies can..?

Answer 44

Alleviate depression and anxiety disorders, but these therapies, too, have their limits and are less effective for schizophrenia.

Question 45

Modern psychoanalytic therapies (especially interpersonal therapy) do seem to be..?

Answer 45

Effective, especially for depression.