cognitive neuroscience Flashcards
What is Cognitive Neuroscience
The scientific study of how brain structures influence mental processes such as memory perception and problem solving Explores links between brain function cognition and psychological disorders
How has Cognitive Neuroscience advanced
Improved neuroimaging such as fMRI and PET scans allows real time observation of brain activity
What did Tulving et al 1994 discover
Used PET scans to show that episodic memories activate the right prefrontal cortex while semantic memories activate the left prefrontal cortex highlighting how cognitive functions are localized in the brain
What is a strength of Cognitive Neuroscience
The use of advanced technologies such as fMRI scans provides empirical measurable data on brain activity improving reliability and objectivity in psychological research
Why is Cognitive Neuroscience more reliable than earlier cognitive theories
Earlier cognitive theories relied on inference and self report data whereas Cognitive Neuroscience uses objective empirical brain scanning methods that improve replicability
How has Cognitive Neuroscience contributed to the nature nurture debate
Research on brain plasticity shows how both nature and nurture influence brain development For example studies on London taxi drivers found increased gray matter in the hippocampus due to extensive training and practice
What does brain plasticity demonstrate
Brain plasticity shows that the brain can reorganize itself in response to experience meaning environmental factors such as learning or trauma can change brain structure and function
What practical applications has Cognitive Neuroscience led to
Brain scanning technology helps identify specific brain areas involved in mental processes aiding in the diagnosis and treatment of memory and psychological disorders
How has Cognitive Neuroscience helped in memory research
It has identified the locations of different types of memory in the brain which helps in diagnosing and treating memory related conditions
How does Cognitive Neuroscience contribute to psychological treatments
By identifying specific brain areas involved in disorders researchers can develop targeted treatments and interventions
What is one way Cognitive Neuroscience has improved psychological research
It has introduced scientific rigor by using objective empirical data instead of relying solely on subjective measures
How do fMRI and PET scans help Cognitive Neuroscience
They allow researchers to observe brain activity in real time helping to identify which areas are involved in specific cognitive functions
Why is the localization of brain functions important
Understanding which brain areas control specific functions helps in diagnosing and treating neurological and psychological disorders
