Cognitive interview and ethical interview techniques Flashcards
What is a cognitive interview?
A method of interviewing eye witnesses. The aime is to help witnesses produce more accurate recall of a crime scene using techniques based on psychological research.
What is an ethical interview?
A method of interviewing that acknowledges that suspects are human beings and are more likely to cooperate with police if rapport is established and they are treated with respect.
What are the 4 main techniques in CI?
- Report everything
- Reinstate the context
- Reverse the order
- Change perspective
What should the witness do in the report everything technique in CI?
The witness is encourages to report every single detail of the event, even information that might seem unimportant or irrelevant.
What should the witness do in the reinstate the context technique in CI?
The witness is asked to imagine all aspects of the crime scene, such as what the weather was like, the time of day and how they felt during the event. It is hoped that these context ‘cues’ can aid recall by triggering further information.
What should the witness do in the reverse the order technique in CI?
The witness describes what they saw in different chronological order, for instance, from the end to the beginning, or from a midway point in the account. Evidence suggests that witnesses are likely to give a truer account under these circumstances, rather than relying on expectations of what they thought had occured.
What should the witness do in the change perspective technique in CI?
For similar reasons to ‘reverse order, the witness is asked to ‘tell the story’ of the event from someone else’s persepctive. This might be from the view of a different witness or someone who was directly involved.
What is Fisher’s enhanced CI?
Inclused the interviewer maintaining eye contact with the witnesses, reducing distractions, asking open-ended questions and getting the witnesses to speak slowly rather than rushing through their account.
What does the PEACE model of ethical interviewing stand for?
- Preparation and planning
- Engage and explain
- Account, clarification, challenge
- Closure
- Evaluate
What happens in the Preparation and planning principle in PEACE model of ethical interviewing?
Identifying key objectives of the interview
What happens in the Engage and explain principle in PEACE model of ethical interviewing?
Active listening to promote rapport
What happens in the Account, clarification, challenge principle in PEACE model of ethical interviewing?
Using open ended questions to elicit information
What happens in the Closure principle in PEACE model of ethical interviewing?
Giving the suspect chance to ask any questions.
What happens in the Evaluate principle in PEACE model of ethical interviewing?
Reflecting on the interviewer’s performance
How does Geiselman support CI?
He showed ppts a film of a violent crime and they were interviewed by an officer either using the CI or a standard interview. The average number of correctly recalled facts for the CI was 41.2 compared to the standard interview which was 29.4.
