Cognitive Interview and Ethical Interview Techniques Flashcards
Define Cognitive Interview
Method of interviewing EWT. Aims to help witnesses produce more accurate recall of a crime scene using techniques based on psychological research.
Define Ethical Interview
Method of interview that acknowledges that suspects are human beings and more likely to cooperate with police if rapport is established and treated with respect.
4 Main CI Techniques the Witness has to do…
- Report every detail.
- Reinstate the context such as weather, time etc.
- Reverse the order.
- Change Perspective.
Enhanced CI
Making eye contact with with witness, reducing distractions, open ended questions and speaking slower.
PEACE Model of EI
- Identify key objectives of interview.
- Active listening.
- Open ended questions.
- Chance for questions.
- Reflect on Interviewers Performance.
Support for CI
- Evidence shows it is more effective than standard one.
Geiselman and colleagues showed PP a film of a violent crime and later used CI and a normal I.
More correctly recalled facts in CI than SI.
CI is superior
Weakness of CI
May lead to increase in inaccurate info.
A study recorded an 81% increase in recall of correct info with CI but this was offset by a 61% increase in innacurate info, compared to SI.
Suggests that the real strength of CI is more info but it is more innacurate.
Support for EI
High success rates.
Study on murderers and sex offenders experiences of police interviews and inclination to admit/deny crimes found that intimidating interviews by police were more associated with denials.
EI result in more cooperation.
Competing EI
Some EI techniques are naive and social skills approach should not fully replace persuasive style.
Application to EWT
Study shows that any of the individual elements of CI in isolation are effective in getting accurate info than SI.
As CI is time consuming, police could use individual areas to save time.
