Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EDUC 1 > COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT > Flashcards

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Flashcards

1
Q

is a Swiss psychologist famous for his work on child development and his theory on cognitive development.

A

Jean Piaget

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the theories of Piaget Cognitive Development?

A

Schemas/Scheme
Adaptation - Assimilation
- Accomodation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development ?

A

Sensorimotor (0-2)
Pre-operational (2-7)
Concrete Operational (7-11)
Formal Operational ( 11- older)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the abilities of a child in sensorimotor?

A

reflexes, object permanent, thumb sucking and mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the abilities of child during pre-operational stage?

A

pretend, object presentation, curious, think symbolically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the abilities of child during concrete operational stage?

A

Classify, view of other, inductive logic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the abilities of a child during formal operational)

A

abstract, scientific thinker and deductive reasoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

He is a Russian psychologist who developed a theory of cognitive development in children

A

Lev Vygotsky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

He proposed that social learning comes before construct development in children ,and that children knowledge actively.

A

Lev Vygotsky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vygotsky cognitive theory argues that cognitive abilities are social guide and constructed

A

Zone Proximal Development (ZPD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

It plays an integral role in the children on how they organize and think about the world

A

Culture specific tools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

It refers to the range of abilities an individual can perform with the guidance of an expert, but cannot perform on their own

A

Zone of potential development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 3 different stages of Zone of Potential?

A
  1. Task a learner cannot accomplish with assistance
  2. Task a learner can learn with assistance
  3. Task a learner can learn without assistance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Those task that are outside of the learner’s zone of potential development are those that cannot be completed even with the help of an expert.

A

Task a learner cannot accomplish with assistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When a learner is closed to mastering a skill required to complete a task , but still needs the guidance of an expert to do so that are considered to be in their zone of proximal development.

A

Task a learner can accomplish with assistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The learner are able to complete task independently and has mastered the skill required to do so

A

Task the learner can accomplish without assistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the theories associated in Intelligence and Individual Differences ?

A

1.Concept of intelligence ( Alfred Binet
2. General Intelligence ( Charles Spearman)
3. Primary Mental Abilities ( Lois Leon Thurstone)
4. Multiple intelligence ( Howard Gardner)
5. Triarchic Theory of Intelligence ( Robert Sternberg)
6. Cognitive Information Processing Theory ( Atkinson and Shiffrin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

It is the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use our knowledge to adapt to new situations

A

Intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

He is a french psychologist who is routinely considered one of the most influential psychologist in history, largely as a result of his pioneering work in measuring intelligence..

A

Alfred Binet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A Child ____ is the result of finding the most advanced tasks that the child is capable of completing

A

Mental Age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

It is also known as g factor, refers to a general mental ability that, according to Spearman, underlies multiple specific skills, including verbal, spatial, numerical and mechanical.

A

General Intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

He is an English psychologist and according to him Intellectual abilities are comprised of two factors namely the General ability known as G - factor and Specific abilities know as S - factor.

A

Charles Spearman

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Characteristics of G Factor

A

• It is universal inborn ability
• It is General Mental energy
• It is Constant
• The amount of “g” differs from individual to individual
• It is used in every activity of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Characteristics of S factor

A

• It is learned and acquired in the environment
• It varies from activity to activity in the same individual.
• Individual differ in the amount of S ability.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

He was an American Psychologist, who was born In 29 May 1887 in Chicago , USA and proposed the 7.primary mental abilities?

A

Louis Leon Thurstone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the 7 factors of Primary mental abilities?

A

Word fluency
Verbal comprehension
Spatial Visualization
Numerical Facility
Associative Memory
Reasoning
Perceptual Speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

THE ABILITY TO PRODUCE WORDS RAPIDLY?

A

Word Fluency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

THE ABILITY TO DEFINE AND UNDERSTAND WORDS?

A

Verbal Comprehension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

THE ABILITY TO VISUALIZE RELATIONSHIPS?

A

Spatial Visualization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

THE ABILITY TO SOLVE ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE?

A

Numerical Facility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

THE ABILITY TO MEMORIZE AND RECALL?

A

Associative Memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

THE ABILITY TO FIND RULES?

A

Reasoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

THE ABILITY TO SEE DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES AMONG OBJECTS?

A

Perceptual Speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Who proposed the Multiple Intelligence?

A

Howard Gardner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What are the 8 Multiple Intelligence?

A
  1. Linguistic
  2. Logical Mathematical
  3. Visual Spatial
  4. Bodily Kinesthetic
  5. Musical
  6. Interpersonal
  7. Intrapersonal
  8. Naturalist
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

THE ABILITY TO USE LANGUAGE EFFECTIVELY.

A

Linguistic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

FACILITY WITH NUMBERS AND LOGICAL PROBLEM SOLVING.

A

Logical Mathematical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

ABILITY TO APPRECIATE WORKS OF ART LIKE - PAINTINGS AND SCULPTURE

A

Visual Spatial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

THE ABILITY TO MOVE IN A COORDINATED WAY USUALLY COMMON AMONG ATHLETE’S AND THOSE INVOLVED IN ATHLETICS.

A

BODILY KINESTHETIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

THE ABILITY TO APPRECIATE AND PRODUCE MUSIC

A

Musical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

SENSITIVITY TO THE BEHAVIOR, MOODS AND NEEDS OF OTHERS.

A

Interpersonal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

THE ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND ONESELF

A

INTRAPERSONAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

THE ABILITY TO BE ATTACHED TO THE NATURAL WORDS, BEING ABLE TO DISCRIMINATE BETWEEN THE FLORA AND FAUNA, PATTERNS AND DESIGNS OF HUMAN ARTIFACTS.

A

Naturalist

44
Q

He developed another theory of intelligence, which he titled the TRIARCHIC THEORY OF INTELLIGENCE.

A

Robert Sternberg

45
Q

What are the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence?

A

Analytical
Creative
Practical

46
Q

What are the components of Analytical?

A

Metacomponents
Performance
Acquisition

47
Q

What are the components of Creative?

A

Novelty
Automation

48
Q

What are the components of Practical?

A

Adaptation
Selecting
Shaping

49
Q

A theory that outlines the various mechanisms that result in intelligence.

A

Analytical

50
Q

This proposes that there is a continuum of experience from novel to automation to which intelligence can be applied.

A

Creative

51
Q

It is defined as the ability that individuals use to find a more optimal fit between themselves and the demands of the environment through adapting, shaping, or selecting a new environment

A

Practical

52
Q

It is an approach to cognitive development studies that aims to explain how information is encoded into memory.

A

Cognitive Information Processing Theory by Atkinson and Shiffrin

53
Q

What are the 3 types of memory?

A

Sensory Memory
Short term memory
Long term memory

54
Q

What are the types of sensory memory?

A

Iconic
Echoic
Haptic

55
Q

What are the types of Long term memory?

A

Episodic memory
Semantic memory
Procedural memory

56
Q

It is a memory that involves whatever we take in through our senses.

A

sensory memory

57
Q

It is a type of memory that involves a very brief image

A

Iconic memory

58
Q

Involves a very brief memory of sound a bit like an echo

A

Echoic memory

59
Q

Involves the very brief memory of a touch.

A

Haptic memory

60
Q

The memory systems in the brain involved in remembering pieces of information for a short period of time, often up to 30 seconds

A

Short term memory

61
Q

It is a memory that is thought to be limitless

A

Long term memory

62
Q

It refers to the construction of thought processes including remembering, problem solving and decision making from child hood through adolescence to adult.

A

Cognitive development

63
Q

What are the Factors affecting cognitive development?

A

Biological Factors
• Sense Organs
• Intelligence
• Heredity
• Nutritional factors
• Sensory organs
• Maturation

Environmental Factors
• Learning opportunities
• Economic Status
• External Stimuli
• Family and Society
• Play

64
Q

They are specialized structures or organs in the body that enable an organism to perceive and respond to various stimuli from the external environment

A

Sense organs

65
Q

A complex and multifaceted cognitive ability that involves the capacity to learn, reason, solve problems, adapt to new situations, and effectively interact with one’s environment.

A

Intelligence

66
Q

It refers to the transmission of genetic information from parents to offspring.

A

Heredity

67
Q

It refer to the influence of an individual’s diet and nutritional intake on their cognitive development.

A

Nutritional Factors

68
Q

Theybare specialized structures that receive sensory input from the environment and transmit it to the brain for processing.

A

Sensory Organs

69
Q

It refer to the experiences and situations that a child encounters in their environment, which provide them with chances to acquire new knowledge, skills, and understanding.

A

Learning opportunities

70
Q

It is often measured through factors like income, access to resources, and socioeconomic background, significantly influences cognitive development

A

Economic status

71
Q

It refer to the sensory inputs and environmental cues that children encounter in their surroundings

A

External stimuli

72
Q

It encompass the social and cultural context in which a child grows up. This includes family dynamics, parenting styles, cultural norms, and societal values.

A

Family and society

73
Q

It is a vital aspect of cognitive development, as it allows children to explore, experiment, and problem-solve in a safe and enjoyable way

A

Play

74
Q

It is a social tool for communication, governed by rules that enable people to understand one another and to express themselves in original ways.

A

Language

75
Q

What are the Characteristics of Language?

A

Language can be dynamic
Language can be spoken or non-spoken
Language is a creative tool
Language is a rule-bound
Language is a social tool

76
Q

He says that children copy what they see and hear. They learn from reinforcement and from their parent’s gestures

A

BF Skinner ( Learning Perspective)

77
Q

He narrates that people are naturally made to learn knowledge. To him the people contain a language acquisition device (LAD)

A

Noam Chomsky ( Nativist Perspective)

78
Q

He explains that we learn language through our interaction with others- in social context.

A

Lev Vygotsky ( Interactionist Perspective)

79
Q

What are the aspects/components of language?

A

Phonology
Phoneme
Morphology
Morpheme
Syntax
Semantics
Pragmatics

80
Q

Set of linguistic rules that govern the structure, position and sequence of speech sounds

A

Phonology

81
Q

Smallest unit of sound that can make a difference in meaning

A

Phoneme

82
Q

Set of linguistic rules that govern the makeup words

A

Morphology

83
Q

Smallest unit of expression that cannot be broken down into smaller units without destroying it’s meaning.

A

Morphed

84
Q

Set of linguistic rules that govern sentence structure, the way various kinds of words, such as nouns, verbs and adjectives, are put together to express a complete thought.

A

Syntax

85
Q

Is a system of rules pertaining to the content, or meaning, of words and relationships between words.

A

Semantics

86
Q

The practical knowledge to use language to communicate, includes learning how to ask for things, how to tell a story or joke

A

Pragmatics

87
Q

Forerunner of linguistic speech; utterance of sounds that are not words. Includes crying, cooing, babbling, and accidental and deliberate imitation of sounds without understanding their meaning.

A

Pre-linguistic

88
Q

such as waving bye-bye, nodding, and shaking, are a crucial part of early language development.

A

Gestures

89
Q

Verbal expression designed to convey meaning , how children learn to talk and understand language.

A

Linguistic

90
Q

Single word that conveys a complete thought. Example: “Da” means “I want that” or “wheres daddy?” a word like this, expresses a complete thought

A

Holophrase

91
Q

Is a stage of language development where young children typically use very short sentences or phrases that resemble telegrams,

A

Telegraphic Speech

92
Q

Which allows them to absorb meaning of a new word after hearing it only once or twice in conversation

A

Fast mapping

93
Q

It refers to the way people use language to communicate with others in everyday social situations

A

Social Speech

94
Q

It is like talking about how you’re talking.

A

Meta communication

95
Q

Talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate

A

Private Speech

96
Q

What are the factors affecting language development?

A
  1. General Health and Physical Status
  2. Intelligence and Cognitive development
  3. Learning and Maturation
    4., Environment
  4. Sex
  5. Relationship with family members
  6. Number of family members
  7. Bilingualism
97
Q

babies start cooing, squealing and making vowel sounds

A

6-3 months

98
Q

they begin playing with speech sounds

A

3- 6 months

99
Q

babies begin to understand meaningful speech

A

9-10 months

100
Q

infants deliberately imitate sounds without understanding them, stringing them together in patterns that sound like language but lack meaning

A

9-10 months

101
Q

average baby says a first word, initiating linguistic speech verbal expression

A

10-14 months

102
Q

naming explosion” occurs with toddlers going form saying 50 words to 400 words

A

16-24 months

103
Q

children show increasing competence in sentence structure, becoming more comfortable with articles, prepositions, conjunctions, plural, verb ending, past tense

A

20-30 months

104
Q

speech is fluent, longer and more complex. Child uses 900-1000 words daily, 12,000 daily usage

A

3 yrs old

105
Q

sentences are four to five words and can be declarative, interrogative or imperative

A

4-5 yrs old

106
Q

children speak longer and more complicated sentences, using more conjunctions, prepositions and articles

A

5-7 yrs old

107
Q

children understanding of syntax rules becomes more sophisticated, with most children interpreting sentences correctly

A

9 yrs old

EDUC 1 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions