Cognitive Deficits: Depression Flashcards
sensory memory
- input from 5 sense
- can be ignored or perceived and transferred to short memory in <1 second
sensory memory comes from what area
hippocampus
short term memory
- working memory
- temp recall
- processed in 10-15 seconds long term storage
short term memory comes from where
pre frontal cortex
implicit memory
- long term
- procedural
- subconscious influence of previous info
- automatic responses
implicit memory comes from where
cerebellum, putamen, caudate nucleus, motor cortex
explicit, declarative semantic memory
- long term
- structured facts, meanings, concepts and knowledge
declarative, semantic memory comes from where
prefrontal and temporal cortex
explicit, declarative episodic memory
- long term
- autobiographical of events, contextual knowledge and associated emotions
declarative episodic memory comes from where
hippocampus connetcs to sensory areas of brain to create an “episode”
what memory goes out first
- short term
- declarative semantic
- declarative episodic
- procedural
delirium
- rapid onset
- only as long as the cause
- clear attention
- hyperactive vs. solmenent
- gargle speech, hallucinations
- meds, infxn., etc. can be causes
dementia
- slow onset
- duration varies
- attention declines
- consciousness severe impaired
- anomia present
- progressive disease
delirium present increases what
morbidity and mortality rates
prevention and management of delirium
- determine cause and remediate ASAP
- always reorient the pt when working with them
- promote normal sleep-wake cycles, proper nutrition/hydration
- early mobility
if dementia is present, what can that do to ones emotions
- decreases their ability to verbalize sadness and other feelings of depression
pseudodementia
- apparent intellectual decline that stems from lack of energy or effort
- forgetful, move slowly, low motivation, mental slowing
how to distinguish depression from dementia?
- more rapid decline in mental function
- usually not oriented
- difficulty concentrating but less difficult with short term memory
- writing, speaking, motor skills usually not affected
- more likely to make comments on memory problems
when is depression more common with dementia pts
early to moderate stages of dementia
increased severity of dementia = decreased prevalence of major depression
