Cognitive Approach Assumptions

Question 1

Using an example from psychology, describe the assumption ‘computer analogy’.

Answer 1

Compares the human mind with a computer. We take in information (input), change it (process), and recall (output).

During the process stage, we use the cognitive processes of perception, memory and attention.

Multistore model of memory proposes that information is (input) to the brain through the senses and moves across the memory stores. It is (outputted) when required.

Question 2

Using an example from psychology, describe the assumption ‘internal mental processes’.

Answer 2

Humans are information processors. The cognitive processes work together to help us make sense of and respond to our environment.

They occur simultaneously and rapidly.

Some examples are attention, perception and memory.

Wundt studied them systematically using introspection in his lab in his metronome study.

For example: we see dog, pay attention to dog, search through memory and match it to our language knowledge.

Question 3

Using an example from psychology, describe the assumption ‘schemas’.

Answer 3

Schemas are organized packets of information that are built up through experience, and stored in our LTM.

Schemas are refined by interactions. They are not reality since they’re created through social exchanges.

Schemas have different forms such as event and role schemas.

Example: burglar schema for most is usually a male, fairly young with a balaclava.

Question 4

What are the 3 assumptions?

Answer 4

Computer analogy

Internal mental processes

Schemas