Cognitive approach

Question 1

Cognitive approach

assumptions

Answer 1

approach focused on internal mental processes

Question 2

Cognitive approach

parts

Answer 2

Theoretical and computer models
Computer models
Role of schema
Emergence of cognitive neuroscience

Question 3

Theoretical and computer models

Answer 3

└theoretical models
  └e.g. information processing approach
    └e.g. multi store model
    └input →storage →retrieval  
└Models can be used to provide testable theories about mental processing and these can be studied scientifically and inferences made

Question 4

Computer models

Answer 4

└mind compared to computer- computer analogy 
  └CPU= brain
  └coding= making info usable 
  └stores= hold info 
└useful for artificial intelligence

Question 5

Role of schema

Answer 5

└schema= mental framework of beliefs and expectations that influence cognitive processing- developed by experience
└(an idea that)helps you respond appropriately
└can also distort interpretations

Question 6

schema

definition

Answer 6

mental framework of beliefs and expectations that influence cognitive processing- developed by experience

Question 7

Emergence of cognitive neuroscience

Answer 7

└Paul Broca (1860)
└damaged frontal lobe- impair speech
└brain imaging techniques
└fMRI, PET
└neurological bases of mental processes
└long term memory- episodic, semantic
└located opposite sides of pre frontal cortex
└mental disorders
└parahippocampal gyrus- OCD
└brain fingerprinting
└eyewitness brain patterns- lying?

Question 8

cognitive neuroscience

definition

Answer 8

the scientific study of biological structures that underpin cognitive processes

Question 9

Cognitive approach

strengths

Answer 9

Scientific and objective methods
└lab experiments= reliable objective data
└cognitive neuroscience= biology + psychology
└=established scientific basis

Real life application
└wide range of practical and theoretical contexts
└artificial intelligence- robots
└revolutionise future living

Question 10

Cognitive approach

limitations

Answer 10

Machine reductionism
└computer analogy e.g. ignores emotion and motivation- how it affects ability to process information

Application to everyday life
└can only infer mental processes from observed behaviour
└too abstract and theoretical
└experimental studies of mental processes often use artificial stimuli- e.g. memory tests of words
└not represent everyday memory
└=lack external validity