Cognitive Approach Flashcards
What do mental processes refer to?
The processes that occur during thinking. They are private and internal
Examples of mental processes:
-memory
-perception
-attention
-reasoning
-language
-problem solving
-intellect
What are inferences ?
Going beyond the immediate evidence to make assumptions about mental processes that cannot be directly observed
What are schemas?
A mental framework of beliefs and expectations that influences cognitive processing. They are cognitive ‘shortcuts’ and they are developed from experience
Why are schemas useful?
-help us predict what will happen in our world based on our experiences
-schemas prevent us from becoming overwhelmed by environmental stimuli
-schemas enable us to process vast amounts of information rapidly
Why are schemas not useful?
-Can distort our interpretation of sensory information
-schemas can lead to perceptual errors or inaccurate eye witness testimony
-schemas can cause biased recall by seeing what we expect
-negative schemas may have a negative impact on mental health
What does Broca’s area in the brain been linked to?
Speech production
What has the pre frontal cortex in the brain been linked to?
Episodic and semantic memoru
What has the pre frontal cortex in the brain been linked to?
Central executive
What has the pre frontal cortex in the brain been linked to?
Central executive
What has the parahippocampal gurus been linked to in the brain?
OCD
What does CBT (cognitive behavioural therapy) benefit?
(Real world applications)
-patient, quality of life improves as it reduces their depressive symptoms
-boosts economy because they can return to work
How does the research into eye witness testimony benefit the economy?
-benefits society because it’s safer
-boosts economy as the CJS is more efficient at gathering evidence and spending less money on retrials
What is mundane realism?
Describes the degree to which the materials and procedures involved in an experiment are similar to events that occur in the real world
