Behaviourist Approach Flashcards
What is operant conditioning?
Learning through consequence
What is positive reinforcement ?
Receiving a reward when a certain behaviour is performed. Increases the likelihood behaviour will be repeated
What is positive reinforcement ?
Receiving a reward when a certain behaviour is performed. Increases the likelihood behaviour will be repeated
What is negative reinforcement ?
Performing behaviour to avoid something unpleasant. Increases the likelihood behaviour will be repeated
What is punishment?
An unpleasant consequence for behaviour . Decreases the likelihood behaviour will be repeated
What is classical conditioning?
Learning through association
What is environmental reductionism?
To reduce the complex phenomena of human behaviour down to S-R bonds.
What is Environmental reductionism?
Behaviours sole cause being conditioning
What does Generalise mean?
Being able to apply the findings of a study to the whole human population
What do behaviourists believe?
They believe we are born blank slates. This means that all behaviour is learned from the environment . Behaviourists are only interested in observable behaviour
what methods do behaviourists use?
Scientific methods such as lab experiments
Outline the procedure of skinners rats:
1.the rat presses the lever
2.the rat receives a treat
3.the rat presses the lever again to get more treats
4.rat gets electric shock from the floor
5.rat presses lever to stop the electric shock
What’s meant by a stimulus response bond?
Stimulus=happening that triggers a reaction
Response=a reaction to a stimulus
What is operant conditioning?
Learning through association
What does pavlov’s dogs show?
Pavlov showed that dogs could be conditioned to salivate at the sound of a bell if that sound was repeatedly presented at the same time that they were given food
Real life application (token economies) examples..
Where an individual is rewarded for demonstrating the desired behaviour. Based on operant conditioning because it’s based off of positive reinforcement
What is environmental reductionism?
Refers to reducing the complex phenomena of human behaviour down to S-R bonds
