Cognitive Appraoch To Treating Depression

Question 1

What is cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT)

Answer 1

A combination of cognitive therapy (a way of changing maladaptive thoughts and beliefs) and behavioural therapy (a way of changing behaviour in response to these thoughts and beliefs)

Question 2

State two types of CBT

Answer 2

1. Beck’s cognitive therapy
2. Ellis’ rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT)

Question 3

What are irrational thoughts

Answer 3

Rational thinking is flexible and realistic, based on logic whereas irrational thinking is rigid, unrealistic, and lacks internal consistency

Question 4

What is the main aim of Ellis’ REBT model

Answer 4

To turn irrational thoughts into rational ones

Question 5

How does REBT extend Ellis’ ABC model

Answer 5

Extended ABC model to ABCDE model
D- disrupting irrational thoughts
E- effects of disrupting/revising beliefs

Question 6

State the three ways to dispute irrational thoughts

Answer 6

1. Logical disputing
2. Empirical disputing
3. Pragmatic disputing

Question 7

How can disputing make a person with depression feel better

Answer 7

Helps them turn irrational thoughts into rational ones and stops them from catastrophising- become more self-accepting

Question 8

What is the main aim of Beck’s cognitive theory

Answer 8

To identify and challenge negative schemas about the world, themselves and the future

Question 9

State and outline two methods used in CBT

Answer 9

1. Keeping a diary- monitoring events where negative thoughts occur and target them
2. Homework assignments- carry out tasks to test their irrational beliefs/negative schemas against reality or engage in previously enjoyed activities to raise mood= behavioural element of CBT

Question 10

What do homework assignments regard the ‘patient as scientist’

Answer 10

Because the patient is encouraged to investigate the reality of their negative schemas/irrational thoughts in the way a scientist would and evaluate the evidence