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Neuromuscular PT 2 > Cognitive and perceptual deficits > Flashcards

Cognitive and perceptual deficits Flashcards

1
Q

Perception

A
  • requires sensation
  • organization of sensory stimuli into meaningful information
  • draws on past experiences
  • helps us make sense out of a complex and changing environment
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2
Q

executive function

what is it and where does this happen

A
  • ability to engage in self-directed, purposive volitional behavior
  • needed to set goals and follow through on them
  • ability to self-monitor and self correct
  • related to frontal and pre-frontal cortices
  • reciprocal connections with other regions
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3
Q

impaired executive function

A
  • apathy
  • poor insight into deficits
  • inappropriate behavior
  • poor judgement (in terms of safety)
  • impaired social pragmatics
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4
Q

Perceptual deficits related to association areas and with executive function issues

could be due to

A
  • could be due to frontal or part of parietal/temporal lobe dysfunction
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5
Q

Dorsolateral prefrontal association

A
  • goal-oriented behavior,self awareness
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6
Q

Parietotemporal assoication

A
  • sensory integration,
  • problem solving,
  • understanding language
  • spacial relationships
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7
Q

ventral and medial dorsal prefrontal assoication

A
  • emotion
  • motivation
  • personality
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8
Q

impaired body scheme and body image issues

causes what issues

A
  • unilateral neglect
  • anosgnosia
  • somatoangosia
  • right-left discrimination
  • finger angosia
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8
Q

unilateral neglect

where is the lesion/dysfunction

A
  • right parietal lobe (inferior-posterior)
  • left side of the body is ignored
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9
Q

anosgnosia

what is it and where is the lesion

A
  • dont recognize the body as part of their own
  • parietal lobe (supramarginal gyrus)
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10
Q

somatoangosia

A
  • dont recognize body parts
  • example: show me your arm and they do not know what that is
  • dominant parietal lobe
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11
Q

right-left discrimination

A
  • cant figure out left vs right
  • parietal lobe
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12
Q

finger agnosia

what is it and where is damage

A
  • cant identify what finger is what
  • parietal lobe (angular gyrus)
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13
Q

gerstmann’s syndrome

A
  • large MCA or a smaller stroke in the angular gyrus
  • bilateral finger agnosia
  • agraphia cant write
  • acalculia: lose the ability to perform math
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14
Q

spatial relations disorders

A
  • figure-ground discrimination: right patieto-occipital lesion
  • form discrimination
  • spatial relations
  • position in space
  • topogrraphic disorientation: cant find their way
  • depth and distance perception
  • vertical disorientation: not knowing vertical
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15
Q

form discrimination

A
  • being able to look at an object and know what is it used for
  • if someone is unable to do this they may brush thier teeth with a pen or write with a toothbrush
16
Q

Other spatial relations disorders

A
  • figure-ground discrimination: right patieto-occipital lesion
  • form discrimination
  • spatial relations
  • position in space
  • topographic disorientation: cant find thier way and get lost
  • depth and distance perception
  • vertical disorientation: not knowing vertical
17
Q

apraxia

ideomotor apraxia

A
  • hard time with motor tasks
  • typical with MCA
  • disconnect between idea of movement and movement performance
  • may be able to complete automatically but not on request
  • patient may appear to have impaired coordination
  • may perservate
  • difficulty with multi-step commands or multiple implements
  • lesions in left hemisphere frontal or parietal usually
18
Q

apraxia

ideational apraxia

A
  • unable to conceptualize how to perform task
  • problems with sequencing an activity
  • inappropriate object use
  • lesion right parietal lobe (left sided weakness)
19
Q

Agnosia

A

Cant identify things

  • visual
  • auditory
  • tactile (astereognosis)
20
Q

Visual agnosia types

A
  • simultanagnosia: cant percieve at more than 1 object at a time
  • prosopagnosia: inabilty recognize faces
  • color agnosia: recognizaition/categorization of colors
  • occiptial lobe syndrome: L. homonymous hemianopsia, alexia, agnosia
21
Q

Visual field loss

A
  1. optic nerve: loss in just that eye completely
  2. optic chiasm: loss of peripheral vision in both eyes
  3. optic radiation/after optic chiasm: homonymous hemianopia - loss in the same halves of the visual field of each eye
  4. more posterior lesion of visual tracts: 1/4 of visual field in each eye
22
Q

auditory agnosia

A
  • cannot identify different sounds
23
Q

Astereognosis

A

the inability to discriminate shape and size by touch and the inability to recognize objects by touch

Neuromuscular PT 2 (12 decks)

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