Cognition-Memeory

Question 1

flashbulb memory

Answer 1

highly emotional events allows us to strong; and clearly store memory

Question 2

encoding

Answer 2

putting information in

Question 3

storage

Answer 3

retaining information

Question 4

retrieval

Answer 4

pulling information out

Question 5

Memeory

Answer 5

Ability to store information

Question 6

magic number seven

Answer 6

7+-2 limits our capacity for processing information (5 to 9)

Question 7

automatic processing

Answer 7

we processes an enormous amount of information effortlessly

Question 8

maintenance rehearsal

Answer 8

intentionally going over information

Question 9

elaborate rehearsal

Answer 9

explaining or relating it to personal affairs

Question 10

spacing effect

Answer 10

we retain information n better as it is given to us over a span of time

Question 11

serial position effect

Answer 11

tendency to recall information that is presented fist and last better than events in the middle ——- ———

Question 12

types of stimulation

visual=
auditory=
tactile=
olfactory=
gustatory=

Answer 12

iconic
echoic 
tactile
olfactory
gustatory

Question 13

central executive

Answer 13

directs attention to material retrieved from LTM or important input from out sensory memory

Question 14

phonological loop

Answer 14

temporarily stores sound …. like someone name

Question 15

sketchpad

Answer 15

stores and manipulate mental image … like when you can image driving car to school from home

Question 16

level of processing theory

Answer 16

craik and tuvlving

visual - what it looks like
acoustic - what it sounds like
semantic - what it means

Question 17

chunking

Answer 17

breaking up large sets of information

Question 18

mnemonics

Answer 18

memory aid tool/tricks

Question 19

method of loic

Answer 19

invasion items in certain places

Question 20

procedural memory

Answer 20

type of memory we have for “procedures” or for basic associations between stimuli and responses

Question 21

Declarative memory

Answer 21

memories that can be copiously recalled

Question 22

episotic memory

Answer 22

log term memory that is strong information about an event

Question 23

semantic memory

Answer 23

long term storing information about the world

Question 24

implicit memory

Answer 24

involves learning an action while the individual does not know

Question 25

explicit memeory

Answer 25

refers to the experiences that are consciously known and declared

Question 26

recognition

Answer 26

the person must identify an item amongst other choices

Question 27

recall

Answer 27

bringing a thought or idea learned perviously and thus started in memory into conscious awareness

Question 28

retreval cues

Answer 28

associations that help us pull out information

Question 29

priming

Answer 29

acuteness to stimuli because of exposure to a certain event or experience

Question 30

context effect

Answer 30

the context surrounding an event effects how an event is perceived

Question 31

mood congruent memory

Answer 31

when trying to recall event emotion comes along with it

Question 32

TOT phenomenon ("tip of the tongue")

Answer 32

having a thought that is not all the way processed there for it can not be transmitted

Question 33

Memeory seen sins

Answer 33

1. absent-minded 2. transience 3. blocking 4. misattribution 5. suggestibility 6. bias 7. unwanted persistence

Question 34

proactive interference

Answer 34

difficultly remembering information because of already remembered information

Question 35

retroactive interference

Answer 35

difficulty remembering information because of newly learned information

Question 36

amygdla

Answer 36

strengthens memory that has strong emotional association

Question 37

hippocampus

Answer 37

deterioration of this part of the brain causes alzhimer disease

Question 38

cerebellum

Answer 38

processes implicit memory

Question 39

long term potentiation

Answer 39

our neurons grow after learning

Question 40

anterograde amnesia

Answer 40

inability to form new memories

Question 41

retrograde amnesia

Answer 41

inability to remember events from before an accident

Question 42

misinformation effect

Answer 42

we incorporate incorrect information into our memory | altering the correct information

Question 43

source amnesia

Answer 43

inability to remember information from existing knowledge origin

Question 44

prototype

Answer 44

Prototypes are used to enhance memory and recall, since you can keep a prototype of something and then match new, similar things to the prototype in order to identify, categorize, or store this new thing

Question 45

problem solving

Answer 45

a. identifying | b. selecting a strategy

Question 46

algorithms

Answer 46

set of information for solving problems or a process

Question 47

heuristics

Answer 47

rule of thumb for making efficient decisions

Question 48

heuristic strategy

Answer 48

1. working backward 2. searching for analogies 3. breaking a big problem into a smaller one

Question 49

confirmation bias

Answer 49

tendency for a person to search for information that confers there perception

Question 50

mental set

Answer 50

the tendency to approach a situation in a similar manor because that is the way it worked in the past

Question 51

functional fitness

Answer 51

narrow and limited thinking inducing the problem solving system

Question 52

framing

Answer 52

the presenting of information

Question 53

hindsight bias

Answer 53

the tendency to believe, once the out come is already known, that you would have been able to foresee it

Question 54

belief perciverence

Answer 54

Some people have the tendency or unwillingness to admits that there foundation is incorrect even in light of convincing evidence contrary to there belief