Coding, Capacity And Duration Of Memory Flashcards
Who performed research on coding of information stored in the memory, and what where his discoveries?
Alan Baddeley (1966)- his discovery’s where that STM is coded acoustically (words sounding similar) and LTM is coded semantically (words with similar meaning)
What did Baddeley do to test the coding or memory?
Baddeley had four groups of people remembering different words, either acoustically similar/ different or semantically similar/ different. Then he got all 4 groups to recall the words straight after- STM. Then wait 20 mins to recall them again- LTM.
Who measured digit span and what where his results?
Joseph Jacobs (1887)- his results where that a person can hold 7+- 2 in their STM.
Who investigated the duration of the STM- how did they do it- what were their results.
Peterson and Peterson (1959)- they tested 24 students by giving them a constant syllable (eg YGU) and the. displaying a 3 digit number on a screen for a short amount of time, then they were asked to count back from that number for a varying amount of counts (3,6,8,12,15,18). The students where then asked to recall the syllables.- P & P found that after 3 secs - 80 % recall but after 18 secs - 3%. STM DURATION AROUND 18 SECS!!
Who researched the duration of the LTM- how did they do it- what where their results?
Harry Bahrick et Al (1975)- 392 American participants aged between 17-74. High school year books gained from participants or schools directly.
Recall tests:
- photo recognition from 50 photos
- free recall, names of people from graduating class.
Results (picture) - participants tested within 15 years of grad- 90% accurate
48 years - 70%
Results (free recall) - 15 years - 60%
48 years - 30 %
LTM CAN LAST UP TO A LIFETIME!!
