Coding, Capacity And Duration Flashcards

1
Q

What is coding

A

The format in which information is stored in the various memory stores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Research on coding

A
Baddeley (1966)
Gave different groups different lists of words to remember 
-group 1- acoustically similar 
-group 2- acoustically dissimilar 
-group 3- semantically similar 
-group 4- semantically dissimilar 
— info is coded semantically in LTM
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Evaluation of coding research

A

Artificial stimuli

-no meaning so results may have been different in every day situation or if given meaningful material.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is capacity

A

The amount of information that can be held in a memory store

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Research on capacity

-digit span

A

Jacobs (1887)
Digit span study
Found that the mean span for digits across all participants was 9.3
And for letters was 7.3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Evaluation of digit span

A

Lacks validity

  • it was conducted ages ago
  • lack of control
  • may have been confounding variables that weren’t controlled

—however when replicated it has the same results- good validity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Research on capacity, span of memory and chunking

A

Miller (1956)
Everything comes in 7’s
Capacity of STM is about 7 items (plus or minus 2)

  • 5 words through chunking groups of sets of digits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Evaluation of chunking

A

Cowan 2001
Reviewed it and found that the capacity of STM was only about 4 chunks.

Suggests miller may have over estimated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is duration

A

The length of time information can be held in memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Research on duration of STM

A

Margaret and Peterson (2010)

Found that STM has a very short duration unless we conduct verbal rehearsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Research on duration of LTM

A

Bahrick (1975)
Tested 395 students aged 17-74 ability to recall things about fellow students..

-participants tested within 15 years of grad are about 90% photo recognition
-after 48 years errr about 70% photo recognition
——— very long duration of LTM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Evaluation of STM duration

A

The materials were meaningless
-lacked external validity

-however we do often remember phone numbers, not meaningful info so isn’t totally irrelevant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Evaluation of STM duration

A

High external validity
As meaningful memories were used
-variables were not controlled, ps may have looked in their year book over the years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly