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ARE 5.0 - Project Planning and Design > Codes and Regulations > Flashcards

Codes and Regulations Flashcards

1
Q

How do you protect duct penetrations in a wall?

A

fire dampers
smoke damper
combination fire/smoke damper

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2
Q

What the 11 steps for for applying code requirements to a design?

A
  1. Verify programmatic requirement of gross area and parking
  2. Determine zoning regulations for building setbacks, FAR, max height, parking, easements, etc.
  3. Determine occupancy and construction type
  4. Calculate maximum allowable area
  5. Calculate allowable height
  6. Compare allowable area and height with zoning limitations
  7. Consider solar orientation, wind patterns, views, topography, neighborhood context, access, utility service, geology to locate and orient the building
  8. Calculate the occupant load, egress, number of exits
  9. Locate circulation and various spaces based on adjacency requirements developed in programming
  10. Review and apply more specific code requirements such as fire separation, corridor construction, stairway design, glazing, exterior wall detailing, roof construction, restroom locations/design, interior finishes, etc.
  11. Coordinate with consultants as needed concurrently with steps above
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3
Q

What are 2 standard test methods of fire tests for evaluating finishes?

A
  1. room corner test = evaluates contribution of wall and ceiling interior finish to room fire growth (NFPA 286)
  2. Steiner tunnel test = burning characteristics of building materials, classifies materials into Class A (more fire resistant), B, or C. (ASTM E84)
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4
Q

The IBC requires textile or fiber floor coverings to belong to one of two classes:

A

Class I = more resistant to flame spread

Class II = less resistant to flame spread

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5
Q

When is Class I textile or fiber floor coverings required?

A

typically required in vertical exits, exit passageways, and exit access corridors in Groups I-1, I-2, I-3 occupancies (hospitals, nursing homes, detention facilities) unless fully equipped with an automatic sprinkler system. Then Class II is allowed.

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6
Q

When is Class II textile or fiber floor coverings required?

A

Typically required in vertical exits, exit passageways, and exit access corridors in other occupies than I-1, I-2, I-3

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7
Q

What are the 10 major occupancy groups?

A 
A = Assembly 
B = Business 
E = Educational
F = Factory/Industrial
I = Institutional 
H = Hazard
M = Mercantile 
R = Residential
S = Storage
U = Utility
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8
Q

What are the 5 subcategories of A occupancy?

A 
A-1 = assembly with fixed seating for viewing of movie theaters, live performances
A-2 = assembly for food and drink consumption (restaurants/bars)
A-3 = assembly for worship, recreation, etc not classified elsewhere
A-4 = assembly for viewing of indoor sports
A-5 = assembly for viewing of outdoor sports
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9
Q

What is the B occupancy group?

A

Business for office or service transactions (offices, banks, education > grade 12)

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10
Q

What is E occupancy group?

A

Education by > 5 people through grade 12.

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11
Q

What are the 2 subcategories of occupancy group F?

A 
F-1 = factory moderate hazard (combustible)
F-2 = factory low hazard (noncombustible)
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12
Q

What is H occupancy group?

A

Hazardous

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13
Q

What are the 4 subcategories of the I occupancy group?

A

I-1 = > 16 ambulatory people on a 24 hour basis (assisted living, group home, convalescent home)
I-2 = medical care of 24 hour basis (hospitals, skill care nursing)
I-3: > 5 people restrained (prisons, jails, reformatories)
I-4: daycare of > 5 adults or infants<2.5 years

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14
Q

What are the 4 subcategories of R occupancy group?

A 
R-1 = transient loding (motels, hotels)
R-2 = residential with 3 or more units (apartments, dorms, condos, convents)
R-3 = 1 or 2 dwelling units with attached-use or childcare <6, < 24 hours (bed and breakfasts, small child care)
R-4 = residential assisted living with occupants between 5 and 16
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15
Q

What are the 2 subcategories of S occupancy group?

A 
S-1 = combustible
S-2 = noncombustible
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16
Q

What is the U occupancy group?

A

Utility; incidental buildings of an accessory nature

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17
Q

What are 3 defining characteristics of an accessory occupancy?
What are 3 exceptions?

A
  1. ancillary to main occupancy
  2. limited to 10% of a story
  3. not required to be separated from main space by a fire barrier

Exceptions:

  1. live-work: if complying with other IBC requirements, portions of live-work uses are not considered separate occupancies
  2. most hazardous (H) occupancies must be separated from other occupancies
  3. dwelling and sleeping units in R-1, R-2, and R-3 must be separated from other units and accessory occupancies with a fire partition
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18
Q

What are 4 characteristics of incidental uses?

A
  1. ancillary to main occupancy
  2. has same classification as main occupancy but poses greater level of risk than the main occupancy
  3. limited to 10% of a story
  4. must be separated with a fire barrier, sprinkler system, or both
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19
Q

What are 8 examples of incidental uses?

A 
1 furnace rooms
2 rooms with boilers
3 refrigerant machinery room
4 incinerator rooms
5 paint shops 
6 non-hazardous laboratories/vocational shops in group E and I-2 occupancies
7 laundry rooms > 100 sf
8 electrical installations and transformers
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20
Q

What are the 5 Construction Types?

A

Type I = noncombustible, limited area/height
Type II = noncombustible
Type III = exterior walls are noncombustible and interior building elements are combustible
Type IV = mass timber
Type V = combustible

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21
Q

What are 3 factors that determine a building’s allowable height and floor area?

A
  1. occupancy
  2. construction type
  3. sprinkler system
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22
Q

What is the ROW frontage allowable floor area increase rule?

A

if at least 25% of a building’s frontage is along a ROW > 20’, then the basic allowable floor area may be increased

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23
Q

What is the formula for calculating area factor increase, based on frontage?
What is the max allowable factor increase?

A

((Perimeter along ROW) / (Total building perimeter) - 0.25) x (ROW width)
/
30

max ROW width = 30’, even if ROW is larger. So max allowable factor increase = 0.75

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24
Q

How do you calculate the allowable floor increased by the area factor?

A

((allowable area sf per table) + (nonsprinklered allowable area sf)x(allowable factor increase))
/
(number of allowable building stories above grade plane)

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25
Q

What is the rule for calculating allowable building area for mixed occupancy buildings?

A

When the area of each separated occupancy is being expressed as a ration of
(actual building area)
/
(allowable building area)
then the sum of the ratios in each story must not be greater than 1

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26
Q

If an existing building is not large enough to accommodate a change in occupancy, what are 2 ways to make the project feasible?

A
  1. add a sprinkler system

2. add a fire wall to separate the space into two fire areas

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27
Q

Location of building (distance to property lines) is determined by which 2 factors?

A
  1. occupancy group

2. construction type

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28
Q

What are the 3 parts of the means of egress?

A
  1. exit access
  2. exit
  3. exit discharge
29
Q

What is the “exit access”?

A

A portion of the means of egress that leads to an exit but does not necessarily provide a protect path of travel.

30
Q

What is the “exit”?

A

A portion of the means of egress that provides a protected path of egress between the exit access and exit discharge.

31
Q

What is the “exit discharge”?

A

A portion of the means of egress between the termination of an “exit” and a public way.

32
Q

Can the exit discharge include a building lobby ?

A

Yes, if 3 conditions are met:

  1. exit door in lobby is clearly visible
  2. the level of discharge is sprinklered.
  3. the entire area of discharge is separated from areas below by the same fire-resistance rating as the enclosure that opens onto it
33
Q

What is an “exit access doorway”?

A

A door or access point along the path of egress travel from an occupied room, area, or space where the path of egress enters an intervening room, corridor, unenclosed exit access stair, or unenclosed exit access ramp.

34
Q

What is an “exit enclosure”?

A

A fully enclosed portion of an exit that is only used as a means of egress and that provides for a protected path of egress either in a vertical or horizontal direction. Can be either 1-hr or 2-hr rated.

35
Q

What is an “exit passageway”?

A

A horizontal, fully enclosed portion of an exit that is only used as a means of egress.

36
Q

What is an “horizontal exit”?

A

An exit component consisting of fire-resistance-rated construction and opening protectives intended to compartmentalize portions of a building, thereby creating an area of refuge that afford safety from fire and spoke from the area of fire origin. Typically 2-hr rated.

37
Q

Do you calculate the occupant load when an intervening/accessory space exits through a primary space?

A

The occupant load must include the primary space plus the intervening/accessory space.

38
Q

The required number of exits depends on which 4 factors?

A
  1. occupancy and occupant load
  2. limitations on the length of the common path of egress travel
  3. sprinklers system
  4. specific requirements of large occupant loads
39
Q

What is exit access travel distance?

A

The distance that an occupant would have to travel from the most remote point of each room/area/space along the natural and unobstructed path of horizontal and vertical path of travel to the nearest exit

40
Q

What is the common path of travel?

A

The distance that an occupant would have to travel from the most remote point of each room/area/space to the point where they have access to two exits or two exit access doorways

41
Q

How far must 2 exits in a non-sprinklered building be separated? How is exit separation measured?

A

By 1/2 of the longest building dimension.

Measured in a straight line between the exits

42
Q

How far must 2 exits in a sprinklered building by separated? How is the exit separation measured?

A

By 1/3 the longest building dimension.

Measured in a straight line between the exits.

43
Q

When interior exit stairways are connected by a 1-hr corridor, how is the required exit separation distance measured?

A

Along the path of travel between them.

44
Q

If 3 or more exits are required, how is the exit separation configured?

A

2 exits must comply with the 1/2 or 1/3 separation measurement, and the others must be located a reasonable distance away in case the first two are blocked.

45
Q

How do you calculate stairway widths? (Besides min. dimensions provided by the code)

A

= occupant load x 0.3

46
Q

How do you calculate exit widths? Other than stairways. (Besides min. dimensions provided by the code)

A

= occupant load x 0.2

47
Q

Is exit through intervening spaces allowed?

A

Yes, if all 3 conditions are met:

  1. one of the two rooms/spaces is accessory to the other, except for kitchens, storerooms, closets, etc.
  2. neither space is group H
  3. There is a discernible path of egress travel to an exit.
48
Q

What is the minimum width of a typical corridor?

A

44 inches

49
Q

What is the minimum corridor width if the occupant load is < 50?

A

36 inches

50
Q

What is the minimum corridor width for access to elec/mech/plumbing?

A

24 inches

51
Q

What is the minimum corridor width for group E occupancies serving an occupant load of 100 or more?

A

72 inches

52
Q

What is the minimum corridor width for group I occupancies serving stretcher traffic in ambulatory care facilities?

A

72 inches

53
Q

How far can a fully open door reduce the required corridor width?

A

7 inches

54
Q

Corridor construction depends on which 3 factors?

A
  1. occupancy
  2. occupant load served by corridor
  3. sprinkler system
55
Q

What are 5 requirements for a door located in a 1-hr rated corridor?

A
  1. Have a 20 min fire rating
  2. Have approved smoke and draft control seals around it
  3. Meet the requirements for positive-pressure fire testing
  4. Be either self closing or close automatically on actuation of a smoke detector
  5. Both door and frame must bear the label of an approved testing agency (like UL)
56
Q

What are 2 requirements for glazing in a 1-hr rated corridor?

A
  1. Glass must have ¾-hr fire rating
  2. Glass must make up no more than 25% of the area of common wall in any room, unless it is tested in accordance with ASTM E119 then no limit
57
Q

What is a requirement for a duct penetration in a 1-hr rated corridor?

A

Must have a fire damper with a 20 min fire rating

58
Q

What is the maximum length of a typical dead end corridor?

What are 3 exceptions?

A

20 ft

Exceptions:

  1. B, E, F, I-1, M, R-1, R-2, R-4, S, and U occupancies equipped with an automatic fire sprinkler system = 50 ft dead end allowed
  2. Certain security arrangements in detention facilities = 50 ft
  3. Dead end corridor may be longer than 20 fit if its length < 2.5 times if width
59
Q

When must egress doors swing in the direction of travel?

A

When occupant load > 50

60
Q

What is the fire resistant rating requirements for a door in a 1-hr corridor or smoke barrier?

A

20 min

61
Q

What is the fire resistant rating requirements for a door in a 1-hr fire partition?

A

45 min

62
Q

What is the fire resistant rating requirements for a door in a 2-hr fire barrier?

A

90 minutes

63
Q

What is the difference between an interior exit stairway and an exit access stairway?

A

Interior exit stairway = an exit component that meets one or more means of egress requirements
Exit access stairway = an interior stairway that is not a required to meet any means of egress requirements

64
Q

Fire rating of interior exit stairways for a building with:
4 or more stories?
Less than 3 stories?

A

4 or more stories = 2-hr fire barrier

Less than 3 stories = 1-hr fire barrier

65
Q

3 common exemptions to the requirement that exit access stairway openings must be enclosed:

A
  1. An exit access stairway that only serves 2 stories (unless group I-2 or I-3)
  2. An exit access stairway within a single residential dwelling or sleeping unit in R occupancies
  3. In any occupancy other than B or M, an exit access stairway may be fully open if it meets 4 conditions:
  4. Floor opening does not connect more than 4 stories
  5. Building has an automatic sprinkler system
  6. The area of the floor opening between stories is not greater than twice the horizontal project area of the stairway
  7. The opening is protected by a draft curtain and closely spaced NFPA 13 sprinklers
66
Q

If stair is an accessible means of egress, then the min clear width between handrails =

A

48”

67
Q

If a stairway is a straight run, what is the min dimension of the landing?

A

48 inches

68
Q

What is the maximum vertical distance between landings?

A

12 feet

69
Q

At what stair width do you need an intermediate handrail?

A

> 5 ft

ARE 5.0 - Project Planning and Design (8 decks)

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