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Cell Phys/Genetics > Coat Colors for Exam 2 > Flashcards

Coat Colors for Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

D locus

A

Dilute locus

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2
Q

DD and Dd represent

A

Full color

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3
Q

dd represents

A

Dilute animal (includes nose, iris, footpads)

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4
Q

D locus affects what other locus?

A

B locus

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5
Q

B_D_ becomes

A

blue/grey

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6
Q

bbD_ becomes

A

silver/dusty

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7
Q

How is the C locus different from the S locus?

A

C locus - melanocytes present but NON-functioning/cannot make pigment
S locus - melanocytes did not fully migrate/not present at certain site

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8
Q

S locus

A

Spotting series

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9
Q

Explain the S locus

A

Controls melanocyte survival and migration

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10
Q

The S locus is an example of _____ dominance

A

Incomplete

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11
Q

SS

A

Full color

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12
Q

s^i

A

Irish spotting; defect in migration

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13
Q

s^p

A

Piebald; more significant defect in migration than s^i

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14
Q

s^w

A

Extreme white; melanocytes don’t migrate at all

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15
Q

Ss^w - explain what you would see and why

A

Blend/intermediate of full color and extreme white. Would see piebald or irish spotting puppies. Incomplete dominance acts at this locus

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16
Q

Cats: S locus (Describe each allele)

A

SS - all or mostly white spotting
Ss - partly white/spotting
ss - full color

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17
Q

G locus

A

Early greying

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18
Q

G

A

Early greying

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19
Q

g

A

Normal allele

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20
Q

M locus

A

Merle

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21
Q

Explain the M locus

A

An insertion of SINE at intron 10, exon 11 boundary in the SILV gene. Results in gain of function that converts black to grey. A portion of the poly A tail of the SINE can deleted spontaneously, leading to somatic reversion, where the M allele converts back to the m allele (or m*). This results in some cells with the recessive genotype that then produce black pigment. This results in a grey dog with ragged black spots.

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22
Q

MM

A

Defective white (all white or white with patches of blue or black); ear or eye defects

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23
Q

Mm

A

merle

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24
Q

M^h

A

harlequin

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25
Q

mm

A

non-merle

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26
Q

H locus

A

Harlequin; white dog with ragged black spots; dilutes blue-grey merle to white

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27
Q

HH

A

embryonic lethal

28
Q

MmHh

29
Q

Mmhh

30
Q

mmHh

A

full color

31
Q

Explain H locus, specifically an HhMm dog

A

Harlequin dog = white dog with black spots. The Mm would give a merle dog. Hh acts on the grey of merle to make it white. The black spots occur due to somatic reversion of the M to m, when part of the inserted SINE that creates the M allele is lost. Because Hh does not act on the black, the spots can be seen.

32
Q

T locus

A

Ticking; spots of color in white areas

33
Q

The white in the Ticking locus is due to what?

34
Q

TT

A

Big spots of color

35
Q

Tt

A

Small spots of color

36
Q

tt

A

no ticking

37
Q

Dalmatian will have what genotype?

38
Q

I locus

A

Silver; suppresses development of pigment in less heavily pigmented areas

39
Q

I

A

silver or smoke varieties

40
Q

i

A

full color

41
Q

Tabby is now thought to be the interaction of 2 loci, They are:

A

Ticked and tabby

42
Q

Tabby involves an extra protein. What is it? Explain it.

A

EDN3 paracrine hormone protein that controls hair color in parallel to MCR1

43
Q

Ticked locus alleles

A

Ti^a - ticked; Abyssinian

Ti^+ - not ticked

44
Q

Tabby locus alleles

A

ta^b - blotched tabby (wider stripes; LOF mutation in Taqpep interrupts regular pattern)
Ta^m - mackerel tabby (smaller stripes)

45
Q

What’s the tabby locus’ protein?

A

Taqpep (Transmembrane aminopeptidase Q)

46
Q

W locus

A

White locus in CATS; impact on the ability of the ear to transmit sound, development or formation of the ear

47
Q

W

A

removes nearly all pigment (eyes blue or yellow)

48
Q

WW

A

nearly all deaf

49
Q

Ww

A

still white, 25% deaf

50
Q

ww

A

full color

51
Q

O locus

A

Orange locus

52
Q

What is special about the O locus?

A

It is X linked

53
Q

OY

A

Orange male

54
Q

O^+Y

A

Not orange (Black) male

55
Q

OO

A

Orange female

56
Q

O^+O^+

A

Not orange (Black) female

57
Q

OO^+ss

A

Torti female

58
Q

OO^+S_

A

Calico female

59
Q

ddOO^+ss

A

Dilute torti female

60
Q

To see a solid color, a cat must be

A

Ticked (Ti^aTi^a)

61
Q

To see a tabby color, a cat must be

A

UNticked (Ti^+Ti^+)

62
Q

Smaller spots and more color indicates a/an _____ _____

A

Late x activation

63
Q

Bigger spots indicate a/an _____ _____

A

Early x activation

64
Q

Orange male

65
Q

Black female

A

O^+O^+ Ti^aTi_

Cell Phys/Genetics (5 decks)

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