Coasts knowladge

Question 1

How many sediment cells are in the UK?

Answer 1

11

Question 2

Concordant coasts

Answer 2

occurs where the bands of differing rock types run parallel to the coast.

Question 3

Discordant coasts

Answer 3

occurs where bands of differing rock type run perpendicular to the coast.

Question 4

Geological structure

Answer 4

Folds, faults, joints and bedding planes.

Question 5

Abrasion

Answer 5

Abrasion (also known as Corrasion) is where rocks and other materials carried by the sea are picked up by strong waves and thrown against the coastline

Question 6

Solution

Answer 6

Carbonic acid within the seawater helps to dissolve rock at the coastline and break it down. This is particularly effective on rocks which have calcium carbonate within them such as limestone and chalk.

Question 7

Attrition

Answer 7

Rocks and boulders are ground over each other in the water and overtime become smoothed.

Question 8

First step of the formation in a wave cut notch

Answer 8

Wave cut platforms are usually a result
of both coastal erosion and weathering
acting on a cliff face.

Question 9

Second step of formation of a wave cut notch

Answer 9

Over time, a wave cut notch in a cliff face will be created, within the wave attack zone, which will
undercut the unsupported cliff above

Question 10

3rd step of formation of a wave cut notch

Answer 10

This cliff face will collapse
onto the seabed below and slowly
retreat, leading to a build-up of sediment
along the base – a wave cut platform

Question 11

chemical weathering

Answer 11

describes the process of chemicals in rainwater making changes to the minerals in a rock.

Question 12

biological weathering

Answer 12

plant roots splitting rocks or causing joints or cracks, as well as bacteria like algae producing chemicals which break down the rock on which they live for nutrients.

Question 13

eustatic change

Answer 13

global sea level change

Question 14

isostatic

Answer 14

local variation of land height overtime

Question 15

How was isostatic change caused during the ice age?

Answer 15

During an ice age, isostatic change is caused by the build-up of ice on the land. As water is stored on the land in glaciers, the weight of the land increases and the land sinks slightly, causing the sea level to rise
slightly.

Question 16

isostatic rebound

Answer 16

When the ice melts at the end of an ice age, the land begins to rise up again and the sea level falls.

Question 17

where does isostatic sea level change occur

Answer 17

along plate boundaries

Question 18

Rias

Answer 18

a section of river valley flooded by the sea, making it much larger and more spread

Question 19

Where are rias common?

Answer 19

preglacial areas that were adjacent to the land covered by ice e.g. Southern England.

Question 20

What are fjords?

Answer 20

drowned glacial river valleys

Question 21

Characteristics of fjords

Answer 21

Relatively straight profile and are often deeper than the adjacent sea.

Question 22

Dalmatian coastlines

Answer 22

Long, narrow islands running parallel to the coastline and separated from the coast by narrow sea channels called sounds.

Question 23

How are Dalmatian coastlines produced

Answer 23

sea level rise flooding the coastline with the geological structure of fold hills aligned parallel to the coast.