Coasts And Physical Landscapes Flashcards
Geology
Study of the Earth
Fetch
The distance travelled by wind or water or a natural agents
Deposition
The laying down of sediment
Swash
The water that rushes up the beach
Backwash
The water from a wave retreat back into the sea
Hard engineering
Building artificial structures
Soft engineering
Using natural things to protect the environment
The location of Bournemouth?
South-east of Poole, North of Swanage
Bournemouth reason for erosion?
Longshore drift
What are the methods of protecting Bournemouth?
50 million scheme that would involve replacing and adding groynes
What were the problems caused at Bournemouth?
They have to close beaches and it will take 17 years
What is the destructive wave?
A wave that has high energy and the wave has travelled over along, fetch that normally a erode the coast
What is a constructive wave?
A wave that has low energy and have stronger swashes than backwashes
What is a sea wall?
A concrete wall to stop damage from waves
What are the advantages and disadvantages of seawalls?
Nice place to walk but is very expensive 5000 per metre
What is rock armour?
Large boulders piled along the shore line
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a rock armour?
Very expensive costs, 1000
What is a groynes?
Wooden fences that are right angle to the coastline 
What are the advantages and disadvantages of groynes?
I have a lifespan of 20 to 30 years, but they can cause issues further down the beach
What is gabions?
Steel mesh cages with that are filled with rocks
What are the advantages and disadvantages of gabions?
They have a lifespan up to 20 to 25 years, but they can still rust
What is Beach nourishment?
Sand that is added back onto the beach
What are the advantages and disadvantages of beach nourishment?
People can enjoy this summer, but they need regular replacing
What is dune regeneration?
Creation of sand dunes at the back of the beach
What are the advantages and disadvantages of dune regeneration?
Improves and grows different species but takes a long time
Sliding
When solid or rock suddenly gives way down hill
Rotational slip
Stone materials that contacted to movement along the surface
Slumping
When rocks and debris fall almost as steps
Rock Fall
A rapid down the slope of movement of rocks
Abrasion
When rock gets carried by the seat, then gets thrown against the coastline
What is hydraulic action?
The force of water crashing against the coastline
What is chemical weathering?
Chemicals in rainwater, making change to the minerals in the rock
What is attrition?
It is when rocks repeatedly knock into each other
Biological weathering
Caused by the movement of plants and animals
What is mechanical weathering?
Liquid/water that seeps into cracks and crevices in the rock
What is longshore drift?
The transportation that shifts eroded materials along the coastline
What is the formation of a bar?
When there is a gap in the coastline
Formation of a beach
Eroded material that has been transported
What is the formation of Sandunes?
When sand is deposited on top of each other at the back of the beach
