Coasts Flashcards
What are the 4 types of coastal erosion?
Attrition, abrasion, solution and hydraulic action
What is attrition?
Where the rocks bump together and erode each other an they get smaller and rounder
What is abrasion?
Bits of rock are hurled at the cliff and they erode the cliff face
What is solution?
When acids in the sea dissolve some rocks
What is hydraulic action?
When water forces air into cracks in the cliff face an the cracks get bigger and the cliff weakens
Depositional landforms
Bar, tombolo, spit and beaches
What is a beach?
A beach is made up of erodes material that’s has been transported and deposited by the sea
What is a spit?
A stretch of beach material that’s sticks out to sea joined to the mainland at one end
What is a tombolo?
A stretch of beach material that connects an island to the main land
What is a bar?
A spit that connects two parts of the mainland and has a lagoon form behind it once the old bay is cut off from the sea
Erosional landforms
Cave, arch, stack, stump and headlands and bays
How is a headland formed?
When the sea attacks a section of coast with alternate bands of soft an hard rock. The hard rock doesn’t erode as easily and is left sticking out at sea
How are caves formed?
Weathering and and coastal erosion attacks the cliff making a wave cut notch which is then eroded to form an arch
What are the impacts of coastal erosion on a local area?
Affects tourism, fishing trade, flooding problems, beaches and coastal settlements are threatened
What are the 6 types of coastal management?
Groynes, sea wall, gabions, rip rap, beach replenishment and managed retreat
