Coasts Flashcards
1
Q
What different types of tides are there?
A
- Neap
- Spring
2
Q
What is neap tide?
A
- when the earth, Sun and moon are right angles
- specifically the moon
- smaller tidal range between high and low tide
3
Q
What is spring tide?
A
- when earth sun and moon are all aligned
- create highest high tide and lowest low tide
- larger tidal range due to greater gravitational pull
4
Q
What types of waves are there?
A
- constructive
- destructive
5
Q
What is a constructive wave?
A
- strong swash and weak backwash
- deposit material due to lack of energy
- creates beaches
6
Q
What frequency do constructive waves have?
A
- lowest frequency of 6 to 8 per minute
7
Q
What are destructive waves?
A
- strong backwash and weak so swash
- removes material
- Shrinks beaches
8
Q
What frequency do destructive waves have?
A
Highest frequency of 10 to 14 per minute
9
Q
What is wave refraction?
A
- where a wave hits a Headland and its energy is dissipated along the coastline creating low energy waves
10
Q
What factors influence wave type?
A
- fetch = distance wind has travelled
- length of time wind travels and distance it is covered
- stronger winds blowing over larger distance creates stronger waves
- Wind strength determines whether constructive or destructive
11
Q
What is the formation of a dune?
A
- Embryo Dune - form due to build up of sand around an object e.g. timber or dead animal
Salt tolerant plants grow here
- Fore Dune - increasing levels of nutrition in soil so increasing types of vegetation
- Yellow Dune - mud dunes - highest in height
- Grey Dune - oldest, most vegetation as highest levels of nutrients
12
Q
What is the formation of a dune?
A
- Embryo Dune - form due to build up of sand around an object e.g. timber or dead animal
Salt tolerant plants grow here
- Fore Dune - increasing levels of nutrition in soil so increasing types of vegetation
- Yellow Dune - mud dunes - highest in height
- Grey Dune - oldest, most vegetation as highest levels of nutrients
