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Geography > Coasts > Flashcards

Coasts Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a coast?

A

The coast is the edge of the land/where the land and sea meet

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2
Q

What is a beach?

A

 a pebbly or Sandy shore, especially by the sea between high and low tides

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3
Q

What is a cliff?

A

A steep rock face

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4
Q

What is a headland?

A

A narrow piece of hard land that projects into the sea

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5
Q

What is a bay?

A

 an area of soft rock where the coastline curves inward

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6
Q

What is erosion?

A

Erosion is the process by which rocks are worn or broken down and displaced

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7
Q

What is abrasion?

A

Is when the waves pick up rocks and throw them against the cliffs or other rocks

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8
Q

What is attrition?

A

Is when the sea picks up rocks and knocks them into each other, making them smoother

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9
Q

What is solution?

A

This is when salts or chemicals in the water dissolve the rocks they touch

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10
Q

What is hydraulic action?

A

This is when the power of the waves force water and air into cracks in the rock which forces to split them apart 

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11
Q

What is physical weathering?

A

Is when rocks, soil and minerals slowly being broken down by pressure, temperature, water or ice

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12
Q

What is chemical weathering?

A

The breaking down of rocks, soil and minerals by chemical reactions E.G.minerals dissolving an acid rain

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13
Q

What are the three types of weathering?

A

Physical, biological and chemical

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14
Q

What is longshore drift?

A

The movement of material along the coast in the direction of the prevailing winds

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15
Q

How are waves made?

A

The waves are moved by wind dragging across the surface of water

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16
Q

What is backwash?

A

The backwash is when water washes up on the coast and moves material back off the beach

17
Q

What sort of defences do we have against erosion?

A

Seawall, GROYNES and rock armour

18
Q

What is transport?

A

The sea a roads coastlines but then moves a eroded material along and away from beaches and cliffs, this is transportation and it is controlled by the waves

19
Q

What are constructive and destructive waves?

A

Constructive and destructive waves shape up beaches by either building them up or loading them down

20
Q

What is a fetch?

A

The length of water the wind blows over 

21
Q

When do waves eat away at the land?

A

When the backwash is stronger than the uprush, it takes the sand and materials therefore eating away at the land

22
Q

How does the moon affect the tides?

A

The moon orbits the Earth and its gravitational pole makes the ocean rise and fall


Geography (4 decks)

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