Coasts

Question 1

3 ways erosion can be prevented

Answer 1

1. Sea walls
2. Rock armour
3. Groynes

Question 2

What is meant by the word “swash”?

Answer 2

The movement of water and load up the beach

Question 3

What is mean by the term “backswash”?

Answer 3

The movement of water which runs back down the beach which takes load off the beach

Question 4

What is meant by costal deposition?

Answer 4

When waves deposit sediment onto the coast

Question 5

Describe two chararistics of constructive waves

Answer 5

1. Higher swash than backswash
2. Less than 1 meter in height

Question 6

How does longshore drift occur?

Answer 6

• Can only happen if the wave hit’s the beach at an angle
• direction of prevailing wind is direction of LSD
• when the wave breaks the swash carries material at the same angle it approached the beach
• backwash returns the water back down the beach, under the influence of gravity
• material is slowly moved down the beach this way.

Question 7

2 ways to see if costal erosion has happened

Answer 7

1. Headland made of hard rock
2. Angle cliff faces from waves

Question 8

True or false, the Holderness coast is one of Europe’s fastest eroding coastlines

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Why do some coasts erode quicker than others?

Answer 9

If the soft rock is exposed, it is eroded faster than the hard rock

Question 10

Holderness coast case study

Answer 10

1. It is located on the east of England
2. It is one of the fastest eroding coastlines in Europe
3. The coast is being protected by a sea wall, groynes and rock armour to slow down the erosion
4. A reason the coastline is eroding so quick is because of the frequent strong winds creating longshore drift that moves the material south along the coastline

Question 11

What is an arch?

Answer 11

When waves erode through the back of a cave

Question 12

Explain longshore drift

Answer 12

loosened sediment is moved along a beach in direction of prevailing wind as swash carries it in at angle and backwash then carries it directly out to sea

Question 13

What are spits?

Answer 13

long narrow beach attached to land at one end formed in shallow water were coastline changes direction due to longshore drift

Question 14

What are destructive waves?

Answer 14

erodes coastline, short wavelength, weak swash, strong backwash, steep gradient

Question 15

What is an intertidal zone?

Answer 15

The zone between high tide and low tide