Coastlines Flashcards
How are coastlines classified?
By the process that created them
What are coastlines?
Areas of land affected by marine processes
What is a primary coastline?
Shaped by land based processed with little or no marine influences
What is a secondary coastline?
Shaped by marine processes or by marine life
What are the four types of primary coastlines?
Primary erosional , primary depositional, primary volcanic, primary tectonic
What are two types of primary erosional coastlines?
Estuaries- valleys that have been submerged by rising sea levels, many formed after last ice age
Fjords- reflooded glacial valleys extremely deep with narrow channels
What is an example of an estuary? A fjord?
Estuary- Chesapeake bay and Delaware bay
Fjords- Scandinavia common
What is a type of a primary depositional coast?
Delta- river sediments are DEpOSITED offshore to form deltas
Moraines- glaciers leave moraines when they melt(sediment)
What are some examples of deltas?
River dominated delta- Mississippi River
Wave dominated delta- Nile river
Tide dominated deltA- Ganges river
What are primary volcanos and primary tectonic coasts?
Primary volcanic- formed from lava flow and ash
Primary tectonic- land that rises as a result of tectonics
What is a secondary erosional coastline?
Sea cliffs and sea stacks made as a result of wave activity. Wave cut terraces
What is a secondary depositional coastline?
Barrier islands- long narrow islands parallel to the coastline. Ocean city
What is a secondary biologic coastline?
Coral- mature coral reef systems often break waves before they hit shore
Mangroves- trees that grow along the coast in tropical regions protect coastline from wave erosion
What are artificial coasts?
Coasts modified by human activities
Examples of artificial coasts?
Bays and harbors filled in to make more housing, airport runways
Bays and harbors dredged out for shipping
Beaches expanded for tourism
Artificial islands
