Coastal Systems and Landscapes: Case Studies

Question 1

What country are the Sundarbans located in?

Answer 1

Bangladesh

Question 2

Where is the largest mangrove in the world located?

Answer 2

The Sundarbans

Question 3

In the Sundarbans mangrove, ___________ fishermen earn livelihoods.

Answer 3

400,000

Question 4

The Sundarban mangroves support ___________ people.

Answer 4

2.3 million

Question 5

What are the 6 opportunities in the Sundarbans:

Answer 5

• Agriculture
• Construction
• Honey
• Ecotourism
• Protection for natural hazards
• Climate regulation

Question 6

How is agriculture an opportunity for the Sundarbans:

Answer 6

• Aquaculture and fisheries are the most important income for local people
• Provide employment opportunities and seasonal jobs.

Question 7

In the Sundarbans, aquaculture and fisheries provide income for ____% of local people.

Answer 7

93%

Question 8

In the Sundarbans, agriculture provides employment opportunities for _____ people and seasonal jobs for _____ people.

Answer 8

1.2 million
10 million

Question 9

Give 2 ways how is agriculture a challenge to the Sundarbans:

Answer 9

• Unsustanable and pollution fishing could introduce invasive species
• Aquaculture and fisheries are dominated by wealthy counties = indiscriminate dishing reduced natural fish stock, prawn seed collection damages mangrove roots

Question 10

Give 2 ways how construction is an opportunity for the Sundarbans:

Answer 10

• Timber is used from mangrove trees for construction
• Palm trees are used for thatching construction of small huts and fencing
• locals harvest timber for fuel = creates jobs

Question 11

Give 1 way how is honey collecting is an opportunity for the Sundarbans:

Answer 11

Harvesters earn around $50 daily during honey season

Question 12

Give 1 way how is honey collecting is a challenge for the Sundarbans:

Answer 12

• Dangerous = may be attacked by animals (e.g. tigers, snakes, crocodiles)

Question 13

In the Sundarbans, ____ people are killed annually by tigers.

Answer 13

80

Question 14

Give 4 ways in which ecotourism is an opportunity for the Sundarbans:

Answer 14

• Unique biodiversity in Mangroves (e.g. rare bengal tiger, crocodiles)
• 3 wildlife sanctuaries
• Breeding ground for endangered species
• Mangrove mud provides fish nursery for marine wildlife

Question 15

Give 3 ways how protection for natural hazards is an opportunity for the Sundarbans:

Answer 15

• Protection from tropical storms, floods and storm surges
• Mangroves reduce wav height and energy (causes less damage)
  -Mangroves protect areas of development behind them

Question 16

Give 2 ways how climate regulation is an opportunity for the Sundarbans:

Answer 16

• Important carbon sinks
• Help combat global warming

Question 17

What are the 5 major risks in the Sundarbans:

Answer 17

1) Access to reasources is difficult
2) Lack of fresh water
3) Mangrove forests are being removed (due to increased demand for fuel and food)
4) Flooding causes salinisation, making it hard to grow crops
5) Home to dangerous animals that attack humans
6) Poor region so residents do not get warnings about floods

Question 18

Give 4 ways how the Sundarbans are being resilient against risks:

Answer 18

• Better public access to fresh water and sanitation
• Better infrastructure being built (specifically bridges and roads)
• Electricity is being extended to more areas = easier communication about flood warnings
• NGOs providing training in farming and fishing.

Question 19

Give 3 ways how the Sundarbans are mitigating risks:

Answer 19

• 3500km of embankments built to reduce flooding
• Aim to protect mangroves and replant areas that have been removed = protect against flooding
• Attemps to mitigate the impacts of extreme events

Question 20

Give 4 ways how the Sundarbans are adapting to risks:

Answer 20

• Salt resistant rice is being grown to help residents cope with flooding
• Projects to increase tourism providing jobs (e.g. boat trips)
• Housing is being built on stilts to protect from sea level rise
• Promoting ecotourism and sustainability

Question 21

What is a limitation with building houses on stilts in the Sundarbans?

Answer 21

Other infrastructure (e.g. roads) cannot be protected too.

Question 22

What is a limitation with growing salt resistant rice in the Sundarbans?

Answer 22

• Relying on a smaller variety of crops decreases biodiversity
• Increases risk and impact of plant disease

Question 23

What is a limitation with building new infrastructure in the Sundarbans?

Answer 23

Can cause deforestation

Question 24

What is a limitation with building new embankments in the Sundarbans?

Answer 24

• They are being eroded
• 800m are at risk of tsunamis

Question 25

What is old harry?

Answer 25

A stack (headland) located on Jurassic coast.

Question 26

What type of rock is old harry made from?

Answer 26

Chalk = Hard rock