Coastal Systems and Landscapes: Case Studies Flashcards
What country are the Sundarbans located in?
Bangladesh
Where is the largest mangrove in the world located?
The Sundarbans
In the Sundarbans mangrove, ___________ fishermen earn livelihoods.
400,000
The Sundarban mangroves support ___________ people.
2.3 million
What are the 6 opportunities in the Sundarbans:
- Agriculture
- Construction
- Honey
- Ecotourism
- Protection for natural hazards
- Climate regulation
How is agriculture an opportunity for the Sundarbans:
- Aquaculture and fisheries are the most important income for local people
- Provide employment opportunities and seasonal jobs.
In the Sundarbans, aquaculture and fisheries provide income for ____% of local people.
93%
In the Sundarbans, agriculture provides employment opportunities for _____ people and seasonal jobs for _____ people.
1.2 million
10 million
Give 2 ways how is agriculture a challenge to the Sundarbans:
- Unsustanable and pollution fishing could introduce invasive species
- Aquaculture and fisheries are dominated by wealthy counties = indiscriminate dishing reduced natural fish stock, prawn seed collection damages mangrove roots
Give 2 ways how construction is an opportunity for the Sundarbans:
- Timber is used from mangrove trees for construction
- Palm trees are used for thatching construction of small huts and fencing
- locals harvest timber for fuel = creates jobs
Give 1 way how is honey collecting is an opportunity for the Sundarbans:
Harvesters earn around $50 daily during honey season
Give 1 way how is honey collecting is a challenge for the Sundarbans:
- Dangerous = may be attacked by animals (e.g. tigers, snakes, crocodiles)
In the Sundarbans, ____ people are killed annually by tigers.
80
Give 4 ways in which ecotourism is an opportunity for the Sundarbans:
- Unique biodiversity in Mangroves (e.g. rare bengal tiger, crocodiles)
- 3 wildlife sanctuaries
- Breeding ground for endangered species
- Mangrove mud provides fish nursery for marine wildlife
Give 3 ways how protection for natural hazards is an opportunity for the Sundarbans:
- Protection from tropical storms, floods and storm surges
- Mangroves reduce wav height and energy (causes less damage)
-Mangroves protect areas of development behind them
Give 2 ways how climate regulation is an opportunity for the Sundarbans:
- Important carbon sinks
- Help combat global warming
What are the 5 major risks in the Sundarbans:
1) Access to reasources is difficult
2) Lack of fresh water
3) Mangrove forests are being removed (due to increased demand for fuel and food)
4) Flooding causes salinisation, making it hard to grow crops
5) Home to dangerous animals that attack humans
6) Poor region so residents do not get warnings about floods
Give 4 ways how the Sundarbans are being resilient against risks:
- Better public access to fresh water and sanitation
- Better infrastructure being built (specifically bridges and roads)
- Electricity is being extended to more areas = easier communication about flood warnings
- NGOs providing training in farming and fishing.
Give 3 ways how the Sundarbans are mitigating risks:
- 3500km of embankments built to reduce flooding
- Aim to protect mangroves and replant areas that have been removed = protect against flooding
- Attemps to mitigate the impacts of extreme events
Give 4 ways how the Sundarbans are adapting to risks:
- Salt resistant rice is being grown to help residents cope with flooding
- Projects to increase tourism providing jobs (e.g. boat trips)
- Housing is being built on stilts to protect from sea level rise
- Promoting ecotourism and sustainability
What is a limitation with building houses on stilts in the Sundarbans?
Other infrastructure (e.g. roads) cannot be protected too.
What is a limitation with growing salt resistant rice in the Sundarbans?
- Relying on a smaller variety of crops decreases biodiversity
- Increases risk and impact of plant disease
What is a limitation with building new infrastructure in the Sundarbans?
Can cause deforestation
What is a limitation with building new embankments in the Sundarbans?
- They are being eroded
- 800m are at risk of tsunamis
