coastal systems and landscapes Flashcards
Give an example of positive feedback.
Groynes (amplified), contribute to more long term erosion
Give an example of negative feedback
a beach in dynamic equilibrium, output=input
4 parts of a beach profile
Backshore, Foreshore, Inshore, Offshore
Constructive waves
low wind speed
short wind duration
indirect angle
gentle beach profile
Destructive waves
high wind speeds
long wind duration
direct angle
steep beach profile
Whats is refraction?
when waves approach a headland at an irregular angle, they refract and become more parallel to the coastline.
5 coastal processes
- Chemical, biological, mechanical weathering.
- Mass movement
- Erosion
- Transportation
- Deposition
what is a cuspate
when LSD occurs along the beach to create a headland
what is a spit
Projects out of the sea or an estuary, drift aligned
what is a tombolo
when a spit joins a headland
what is a bar
when a spit develops along a bay
what is a barrier island
Bank of deposited material, parallel to the beach, not emerged by incoming tides.
What is a Ria
Former river valley drowned by sea level rise
Fjord
Former glacial valley drowned by sea level rise
Eustatic and Isostatic change
Eustatic- global change
Isostatic- localised change
Dalmatian coast
topography of the land parallel to the coast becomes flooded
What is an SMP, how many around the UK
shoreline management plan, 22 around the UK
What is ICZM and what are its aims
Integrated coastal zone management- Aims to work in harmony with social and environmental factors
