coastal management/odisha Flashcards
four different approaches to managing coast
- hold the line
- advance the line
- managed retreat
- do nothing
hold the line
maintain current defences or build new ones to ensure coastline stays where it is
advance the line
build new defects seaward of existing line
managed retreat
allow the coastline to retreat due to flooding and erosion but closely manage the rate and location of this retreat
do nothing strategy
low value areas left to natural coastal processes as not deemed viable to spend on defences
political factors impacting approach taken
- voter opinion
- manifesto (does it include management plans)
- length of investment
social factors impacting approach taken
- loss of homes; how many live here?
- schools/hospitals may be lost
- historical/cultural value
- appearance
economic factors impacting approach taken
- which businesses could be lost
- job losses
- cost of defences
environmental factors impacting approach taken
- animal ecosystems lost
- is it a unique habitat
Shoreline manangement plan aims
- promote long term management
- encourage investment
- sustainability
- help environment
- keep reviewing management (flexible)
benefits of living in coastal zone
- higher air quality so healthier
- access to different industries (fishing/tourism)
- good rail services to hubs like London
- jobs created in ports/docks
why are integrated costal zone management schemes more effective than SMPs?
- assess the desires of all stakeholders
- constantly changing according to needs of stakeholders
- more community involvement
- (e.g. Odisha and fisherman)
name some stakeholder groups involved in ICZMs
- residents
- business owners
- environmental conservationists
- council
- builders/contractors
resilience
the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties
mitigation
the action of reducing the severity, seriousness or painfulness of something
adaption
process of change by which something becomes better suited to it’s environment
is Odisha a high or low energy coastline?
low energy
key features of Odisha coastline
- depositional landforms
- relatively straight
- six major deltas
what is a delta?
a landform that forms from deposition of sediment carried by a river as the flow leaves its mouth and enters slower-moving or standing water
how many square kilometres are along the Odisha coastline? what is the mangrove called?
1435km2
Bhitarkanika mangrove
which lake is located near to the Odisha coastline that needs protecting?
Chilika Lake which is a brackish salty lagoon
why is Chilika Lake important ?
- 150+ species of bird
how much of Odisha coastline is dynamic?
85.6%
what percentage of the coastal stretch is rich in sediment minerals and metal deposits
35%
which hazard effected Odisha in 2013?
Cyclone Phailan
how does Odisha mitigate?
- authorities provide relief supplies ahead of approaching storm
- evacuate citizens
- broadcast warnings
