Coastal Management

Question 1

List the methods of hard engineering (6)

Answer 1

• Sea walls
• Groynes
• Revetments
• Rip-rap
• Gabion boxes
• Offshore breakwater

Question 2

Revetments -

Answer 2

sloping structures built on shorelines

Question 3

Offshore breakwater -

Answer 3

fixed stone structures set in the sea to protect the coastline against incoming waves

Question 4

List methods of soft engineering (5)

Answer 4

• Cliff regrading
• Fencing cliffs/sand dunes
• Dune regeneration
• Beach nourishment
• Managed retreat

Question 5

Cliff regrading -

Answer 5

the gradient of the cliff is reduced so that damage of coastal erosion is reduced too

Question 6

Managed retreat -

Answer 6

the purposeful movement of people and buildings away from risks to release the pressure off.