Coastal Landscapes + Processes

Question 1

what is attrition

Answer 1

Processes of erosion
material carried by the waves that bump into each other and so are smoothed and broken down into smaller particles

Question 2

what type of process erosion:
material carried by the waves that bump into each other and so are smoothed and broken down into smaller particles

Answer 2

attrition

Question 3

what is hydraulic action

Answer 3

Processes of erosion
This process involves the force of water against the coast. The waves enter cracks (faults) in the coastline and compress the air within the crack. When the wave retreats, the air in the crack expands quickly causing a minor explosion. This process is repeated continuously.

Question 4

What type of process of erosion is:
This process involves the force of water against the coast. The waves enter cracks (faults) in the coastline and compress the air within the crack. When the wave retreats, the air in the crack expands quickly causing a minor explosion. This process is repeated continuously.

Answer 4

hydraulic action

Question 5

what is solution

Answer 5

Processes of erosion
This is the chemical action of sea water. The acids in the salt water slowly dissolve rocks on the coast. Limestone and chalk are particularly prone to this process.

Question 6

What type of process of erosion is:
This is the chemical action of sea water. The acids in the salt water slowly dissolve rocks on the coast. Limestone and chalk are particularly prone to this process.

Answer 6

solution

Question 7

what is abrasion

Answer 7

Processes of erosion
This is the process by which the coast is worn down by material carried by the waves. Waves throw these particles against the rock, sometimes at high velocity.

Question 8

What are the 4 processes of erosion

Answer 8

• attrition
• hydraulic action
• solution
• abrasion

Question 9

how are landforms created

Answer 9

hydraulic action and abrasion erode the soft rock quicker so bays are formed and the hard rock is more resistant which leaves headlands to stick out on the cast forming a headland

Question 10

What erodes quicker hard rock or soft rock

Answer 10

soft rock

Question 11

Which is more resistant soft rock or hard rock

Answer 11

hard rock

Question 12

when coastal erosion happens what does hard rock form

Answer 12

headlands

Question 13

when coastal erosion happens what does soft rock form

Answer 13

bays

Question 14

what are the 4 main features of coastal erosion

Answer 14

caves, archs, stacks and stumps

Question 15

how does coastal erosion start

Answer 15

1) large cracks in the land is opened up by hydraulic action

Question 16

what is the second step to coastal erosion after:
1) large cracks in the land is opened up by hydraulic action

Answer 16

2) the crack grows into a cave by hydraulic action and abrasion

Question 17

What is the third step to coastal erosion after:
2) the crack grows into a cave by hydraulic action and abrasion

Answer 17

3) the cave becomes larger and breaks through the headlands form a natural arch

Question 18

what is the fourth step after:
3) the cave becomes larger and breaks through the headlands form a natural arch

Answer 18

4) the arch is eroded and collapses leaving a tall rock stack

Question 19

What is the fifth step in coastal erosion after:
4) the arch is eroded and collapses leaving a tall rock stack

Answer 19

5) the tall stack is eroded forming a small stump

Question 20

What are the 5 steps of coastal erosion

Answer 20

1) large cracks in the land is opened up by hydraulic action
2) the crack grows into a cave by hydraulic action and abrasion
3) the cave becomes larger and breaks through the headlands form a natural arch
4) the arch is eroded and collapses leaving a tall rock stack
5) the tall stack is eroded forming a small stump

Question 21

What 2 erosion processes happen in coastal erosion

Answer 21

abrasion and hydraulic action

Question 22

which way does the cliff retreat

Answer 22

it moves up the cliff

Question 23

what type of tide has destructive waves

Answer 23

high tide

Question 24

what type of waves have a high tide

Answer 24

destructive waves

Question 25

describe the formation of a wave cut platform

Answer 25

1) destructive waves have a high tide that create a wave cut notch
2) the wave cut notch causes the cliff to collapse due to gravity
3) the cliff retreats up the platform creating a wave cut platform (that is steep)

Question 26

Explain the formation of a spit

Answer 26

1) the spit is created by the deposition of sediment past the headland
2) salt marsh is created behind the spit due to the deposition of mud by the river and calm waters
3) the spit hooks depending on the prevailing wind and it changing direction

Question 27

explain the formation of a bar

Answer 27

1) a bar is created when sediment joins two headlands because of longshore drift
2) a lagoon is created behind the bar