Coastal Landscape - 2B.7-2B.9 (2) Flashcards
1
Q
What is hard engineering
A
- a technique involving the construction of significant man made structures to manage the coastline
- usually used to protect urban areas and high value land
2
Q
What is soft engineering
A
- involving the construction of more environmentally friendly, less damaging and more sustainable management solutions
- used in less built up areas or more environmentally sensitive areas
3
Q
What are the 4 types of coastal management
A
- hold the line
- no intervention
- managed realignment
- advance the line
4
Q
How are economic losses localised and small
A
- erosion is incremental (small number of properties of long period of time)
- property at risk loses its value long before its destroyed as potential buyers recognise the risk
- areas of high density pop. tend to be protected by coastal defences
5
Q
What is the Deltawerken Megaproject
A
- series of damns, levees and storm surge barriers working together to prevent coastal flooding
- built to protect zeelands dry land after 1953 floods due to storm surges from north sea
- cost $5 billion
6
Q
What is sustainable coastline management
A
- managing the coast in terms of people and their economic livelihoods, social and cultural wellbeing
7
Q
What are mangroves and why are they important
A
- essential to marine, freshwater and terrestrial biodiversity
- stabilise coastlines against erosion, collect sediments and provide a home for coastal fish (absorb and disperse wave power)
- 25% of mangrove loss due to shrimp farms
8
Q
What is integrated coastal zone management and what are the benefits
A
- the entire coastline is managed (can include rivers supplying sediment)
- recognises the importance of coastal zone to peoples livelihoods
- recognises coastal management must be sustainable
9
Q
What must coastal management include
A
- a plan for long term
- involve all stake holders
- adopt adaptive management (changing plans if threats change)
- try to work with natural processes not against them
