Coastal Landforms Flashcards

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1
Q

Cliffs

A

Erosion and Weathering
By Rain, Wind, Waves, Currents, Tides etc
Influenced by Geology, Weather Conditions, Wave Type

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2
Q

Wave Cut Platforms

A

Erosion and Weathering
Mostly due to Abrasion + Hydraulic Action
Along with Backwash
Influenced by Geology, Weather Conditions, Wave Type

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3
Q

Caves, Arches + Stacks

A

Gradual Erosion and Weathering
Caves - Cracks in Cliffs (from hydraulic action/abrasion) that grow and grow
Arches - Caves in Headlands/Cliffs that eventually break through the back
Stacks - Arches erode at their base eventually causing head to fall
Influenced by Geology, Weather Conditions, Wave Type

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4
Q

Beaches

A

Swash and Longshore Drift
Sediment builds up and is also recycled by tides

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5
Q

Spits

A

Prevailing Winds and Longshore Drift
Gradual erosion of beach at specific angle that produces a cut in mainland, and beach extends across

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6
Q

Tombolo

A

Spit connecting island to mainland
Prevailing Winds and Longshore Drift

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7
Q

Offshore Bars

A

Typically by Lots of Strong Backwash
With gradually lots of sediment builds up just off original coastline

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8
Q

Barrier Beaches

A

Elongated beaches parallel to shoreline
Same as offshore bars (lots of strong backwash) but larger than them

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9
Q

Barrier Islands

A

Barrier beaches that grow so large over long period of time that they are considered islands

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10
Q

Sand Dunes

A

Extensive areas of beach that dry out due to low tide
Eventually allowing for loose sands to be blown inwards over time

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11
Q

Estuaries

A

Ancient glaciers that melted and left deep channels that were then overflowed by seawater
Depositional

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12
Q

Mud Flats

A

Sediment gradually deposited by tides or rivers in intertidal areas

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13
Q

Salt Marshes

A

System between land and saltwater that is regularly flooded
They are mudflats that have sufficient nutrients for plant growth

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14
Q

Fjords

A

Long narrow inlets with steep sides or cliffs, created by glacier

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