Coastal Change, and Conflict Flashcards
Bay
Sheltered area of coastline made from soft rock.
Backwash
The movement of a wave retreating back to sea, away from the beach.
Coastal Flooding
When areas of land are flooded by the sea.
Coastal Management
The processes, and plans applied to coastal areas by local authorities, and agencies.
Concordant coastline
Layers of hard, and soft rock which lie parallel against the coastline.
Constructive wave
Wave which has a larger swash than backwash.
Deposition
Placing sand, and sediment in a certain place by a wave, erosion, transportation, or humans.
Destructive waves
Wave which has a larger backwash than swash.
Discordant coastline
Layers of hard, and soft rock which run vertically against the coastline, forming headlands, and bays.
Do nothing
An approach that allows natural processes to take their course without any intervention.
Erosion
Breaking down of rock, and sediment.
Fetch
The distance a wave travels before hitting the coastline.
Geological structure
The way in which the rocks are arranged, both vertically, and horizontally.
Hard engineering
A heavily managed area of the coastline e.g. Sea wall, groyne
Hard rock coast
More resistant rock that is harder to erode, or weather e.g. Granite
Headland
Outcrop of land at sea made from had rock.
Holistic approach
An approach to environmental management that treats the whole area as an interrelated system.
ICZM
A sustainable method of coastal management, managing the whole coastline from the shoreline to several kilometres inland as one area.
Longshore drift
Process of sediment moving along the coastline.
Mass movement
The down slope movement, by gravity, of soil, and/or bedrock by the processes of slumping, falling, sliding, and flowing.
Soft rock coast
Less resistant rock which is easily eroded, or weathered e.g. Limestone
Spit
Sand, and sediment which is attached to the coastline, but sticks out to sea.
Stack
A detached column of rock located just offshore.
Strategic realignment
Th reorganisation of coastal defences that is often part of managed retreat.
Stump
A stack that has collapsed, leaving a small area of rock above sea level.
Sub-aerial processes
The weathering of rock, and the impacts of wind, and rain.
Swash
The movement of waves onto the beach.
Weathering
The weather breaking down rock.
