Coagulation Part 1 Flashcards
Plasma transports at least 16 procoagulant, also called
Coagulation factors
coagulation factors (synthesized in the
Liver
How many zymogens
Eight
the International Committee for the Standardization of the Nomenclature of the Blood Clotting Factors o cially named the plasma procoagulants using Roman numerals in the order of
their initial description or discovery
Is the primary substrate of thrombin
Fibrinogen
Is the primary enzyme of the coagulation system
Fibrinogen
Is essential for platelet aggregation
Fibrinogen
Normal plasma conc.: fibrinogen
200-400 mg/dL
Is the most concentrated of all the plasma
procoagulants
Fibrinogen
Is an acute phase reactant protein
Fibrinogen
a mirror-image dimer
Fibrinogen Molecule
six N-terminals assemble to form a bulky
central region
E domain
three carboxyl terminals on each
outer end of the molecule
Two D domain
Activated form: of Prothrombin
Thrombin
Is the main enzyme of the coagulation pathway with multiple key activities.
Prothrombin
Cleave fibrinopeptides (FP) A and B from the alpha and beta chains of the fibrinogen molecule.
Prothrombin
The cleave fibrinogen
Fibrin monomer
Functions of thrombin:
● Activates cofactors V and VIII and factor XI by a positive feedback mechanism
● Activates factor XIII
● Initiates platelet aggregation
● Activates the protein C pathway
How does protein c activated
Thrombomodulin-Thrombin Complex
Activation of Protein C: destroys
Destroys FV and FVIII
Thrombin-thrombomodulin also activates
TAFI
Are named the prothrombin group because of their structural resemblance to prothrombin
Vitamin K-Dependent Prothrombin Group
Is a quinone found in green leafy vegetables and is produced by the intestinal organisms
Vitamin K
a quinone found in green leafy vegetables and is produced by the intestinal organisms what organism?
Bacteroides fragilis and Escherichia coli
Catalyzes an essential posttranslational modification of the prothrombin group (glutamic acid is modified to y-carboxyglutamic acid when a second carboxyl group is added to the y carbon)
Vitamin K
Proteins Induced by Vitamin K Antagonists (PIVKA) factors also known as
des-y-carboxyl proteins
Cannot participate in the coagulation reaction because they lack the second carboxyl group
Proteins Induced by Vitamin K Antagonists (PIVKA) factors
Results from Vitamin K deficiency or in the presence of Coumadin
Proteins Induced by Vitamin K Antagonists (PIVKA) factors
