Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

N929: Advanced Pharmacology > Coagulation/Anticoagulation > Flashcards

Coagulation/Anticoagulation Flashcards

1
Q

What are 4 categories of coagulation agents?

A
  • antiplatelets
  • anticoagulants
  • thrombolytics
  • procoagulants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 steps of hemostasis?

A
  1. vasoconstriction
  2. platelet plug
  3. clot formation
  4. clot dissolution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Normally, vascular endothelium provides a ____ surface. “__” “___” “___”

A

nonthrombogenic

  • antiplatelet
  • anticoagulant
  • profibrinolytic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What factors are dependent on Vitamin K?

A

Factors 2, 7, 9, 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) released from? (4)

A

tissue, vascular endothelium, plasma, urine (urokinase)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does plasmin do?

A

digests fibrin…. pg 22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Are older or new clots easier to break?

A

new; weak cross-linking in fibrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does plasminogen become?

A

plasmin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is plasmin formed?

A

from plasminogen being activated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What factor is antithrombin?

A

factor 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does factor 3 (antithrombin) do?

A

inactivates factor IIa, Xa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What medication works with factor 3 (anti-thrombin)?

A

HEPARIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Warfarin?

A

Coumadin; Vitamin K antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Coumadin?

A

Warfarin; Vitamin K antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What factors are targeted by Warfarin?

A

Factors 2, 7, 9, 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If a patient on Coumadin is bleeding do you give platelets? Why?

A

No, they have working platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Onset of Coumadin

A

Warfarin;

3-4 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

If a patient is on Warfarin, what lab needs to be checked pre-op?

A

PT/INR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

For minor surgery, when should Coumadin be stopped?

A

1-5 days pre-op; goal is PT within 20% of baseline

20
Q

What is in FFP?

A

coagulation factors?

21
Q

When do you give FFP?

A

when a coumadin patient is bleeding (gives factors)

22
Q

What naturally releases heparin?

A

mast cells & basophils

23
Q

What does heparin do?

A

ENHANCES factor 3

24
Q

Is heparin lipid soluble?

A

NO - don’t give oral

25
Q

Does heparin cross placenta?

A

NO; it is SAFE

26
Q

Can coumadin be given in pregnancy?

A

NO! teratogenic - give heparin instead

27
Q

How long does the action of heparin last?

A

1.5-4 hours

28
Q

What destroyes heparin?

A

heparinase (enzyme in the blood)

29
Q

ACT normal is what?

A

80

30
Q

Heparin will prolong what lab value?

A

ACT

31
Q

What is a normal aPTT?

A

30-35 seconds

32
Q

What is a normal aPTT in heparin therapy?

A

1.5-2.5 times pre-drug level

33
Q

Goal ACT in vascular or non-CPB cases?

A

> 200-300 seconds

34
Q

Goal ACT in interventional aneurysm clipping/coiling?

A

> 250

35
Q

ECMO / CPB ACT goal?

A

> 400 seconds

36
Q

What will reverse heparin?

A

Protamine or FFP

37
Q

What is the dose of protamine?

A

1-1.5mg for each 100u of heparin

38
Q

What does factor X do?

A

catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

39
Q

Does protamine neutralize/reverse Lovenox?

A

NO, give FFP

40
Q

What are the two categories of direct oral anticoagulants?

A
  1. direct thrombin (IIa) inhibitor

2. direct factor Xa inhibitor

41
Q

What is a direct thrombin (IIa) inhibitor?

A

Dabigatran - Pradaxa

42
Q

What is the reversal to Dabigatran/Pradaxa?

A

Idrucizumab (PRAXBIND)

43
Q

What are direct factor Xa inhibitors?

A
  • Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
  • Apixaban (Eliquis)
  • Edoxaban (Savaysa)
44
Q

What is PCC?

A

prothrombin complex concentrates

45
Q

What are 3 targets of platelet supression?

A
  1. COX/TXA2 inhibition
  2. ADP receptor antagonism
  3. GP IIb/IIIa receptor antagonism

N929: Advanced Pharmacology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions