Coagulation and UA Flashcards
Factor V (leiden) mutation
most common hereditary blood coagulation disorder in US
Prothrombin time (PT) and INR is used to evaluate
- extrinsic coagulation system
- used to guide warfarin/coumadin therapy
therapeutic INR value for DVT/PE/TIA
mechanical heart valves
2-3
5-6
Heparin works on the ( ) pathway and is tested via
intrinsic, partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
test to measure conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
-thrombin time
Decreased levels of fibrinogen indicate
-DIC (disseminated intravascular clotting) bc excess thrombin cleaves fibrinogen, which ultimately leaves behind multiple fibrin clots in the circulation
most notable subtype of fibrin split products is and is produced how?
D-dimer (DVT, PE, MI)
- produced by action of plasmin on deposited fibrin
- used to evaluate evidence of fibrin formation
Direct Coomb’s test function and postive result?
- use pts RBCs to test for presence of antibody on pts cells, also used to screen for AI hemolytic anemia/hemolytic transfusion rxn
- indicates immune mechanism is attacking patient’s own RBCs
Indirect Coombs test function
- Used to check cross-match prior to blood transfusion
- used in pre-natal testing to asses RH and ABO incompatibility
alkaline pH can indicate
-bacteria/UTI
acidic pH can indicate
- high protein diet
- COPD
- acidosis
specific gravity roughly correlates with ( ) and increased/decreased levels indicate what?
osmolality
increased-volume depletion
decreased-over hydration, pyelonephritis
best indicator of renal disease?
24 hour urine study if persistent proteinuria present
glucose level of ( ) will begin to be seen in urine?
180
Leukocyte esterase test is used to detect….
- lysed WBC
- when combined with nitrite test, suspect UTI
