Coagulation

Question 1

Extrinsic pathway

Answer 1

PT

Question 2

Intrinsic pathway

Answer 2

aPTT

Question 3

Common Pathway

Answer 3

PT + aPTT

Question 4

Fibrinogen -> fibrin (after thrombin has been added)

Answer 4

The thrombin time (TT), also known as the thrombin clotting time (TCT), is a blood test that measures the time it takes for a fibrin clot to form in the plasma of a blood sample.

Question 5

INR (normal)

Answer 5

1.0

Question 6

aPTT - long

PT, TCT - normal

Answer 6

Intrinsic pathway defects

Factor VIII
Factor IX

contact def - factor IX
factor XII

Question 7

PT - long

aPTT, TCT - normal

Answer 7

Extrinsic factor defects

Factor VII deficiency

Question 8

TCT - long

aPTT, Pt - normal

Answer 8

Fibrinogen defects

• mild to moderate fibrinogen deficiency
• low conc of fibrinogen inhibitors

Question 9

aPTT, PT - long

TCT - normal

Answer 9

Common pathway affected

• factor II
• Factor V
• FActor X

combined def -
vit K dependant factors - II, VII, IX, X (2, 7, 9, 10)

Question 10

All - long

Answer 10

Fibrinogen

• severe deficiency
• high conc of inhibitors

combined def -
- def of fibrinogen, intrinsic, extrinsic and common pathway factors

Question 11

• PT, aPTT - long
• declining platelet count
• Fibrinogen (acute phase reactant) - low or normal (slightly elevated)
• increased fibrin degrading products - D-dimers
• low antithrombin III levels
• schistocytes in peripheral blood smear

Answer 11

DIC

Question 12

DIC

Answer 12

• PT, aPTT - long
• declining platelet count
• Fibrinogen (acute phase reactant) - low or normal (slightly elevated)
• increased fibrin degrading products - D-dimers
• low antithrombin III levels
• schistocytes in peripheral blood smear

Question 13

von Willebrand disease

Answer 13

a common inherited condition that can make you bleed more easily than normal.

People with VWD have a low level of a substance called von Willebrand factor in their blood, or it does not work very well.

Von Willebrand factor helps blood cells stick together (clot) when you bleed.

• patients rarely bleed into joints
• report bruising

Question 14

Vitamin-k dependant coagulation factors

Answer 14

II, VII, IX, X

2, 7, 9, 10

Question 15

Common pathway factors

Answer 15

The common pathway factors X, V, II, I, and XIII

10, 5, 2, 1 and 13

[(10+5) - 2] x 1= 13

Question 16

Intrinsic pathway factors

Answer 16

factors XII, XI, IX, and VIII

12, 11, 9 and 8

Question 17

Extrinsic pathway factors

Answer 17

I, II, VII, and X

Question 18

INR - normal and on warfarin

Answer 18

n healthy people an INR of 1.1 or below is considered normal. An INR range of 2.0 to 3.0 is generally an effective therapeutic range for people taking warfarin for disorders such as atrial fibrillation or a blood clot in the leg or lung.