Coaching basics Flashcards
What are the 3 things that make a great coach?
- Knowing how to help people change.
- Coaching the ‘whole’ person
- Knowing and guiding yourself
What are the 3 key practices to coaching the whole person?
- Client centeredness
- Biopsychosocial
- Deep health
Coaches are client centered when they…?
- Recognize the client’s natural tendency towards
growth - Know, understand, and respect our clients’ priorities,
values, and goals. - Respect the client’s right to autonomy and self-
determination. - Accept and allow uncertainty, ambiguity and
ambivilance as part of the process - Treat client like a person, not a number or statistic.
- Compassionate and caring
- Empathize with client’s struggles
- Collaborate ‘with’ your client, rather than tell them
what to do
What is meant by ‘reflect and check’ statements?
Statements used to check understanding
“It sounds like you’re saying _____. Did I hear that correctly?”
“If I’m understanding you right, you’re upset about _____. Is that fair to say?”
“Before we move on, let me just check that I’m hearing you right. Are you saying _____?”
What is the biopsychosocial perspective?
A biopsychosocial perspective combines:
• a biological component (e.g., a client’s physical
features or health);
• a psychological component (e.g., a client’s mindset or
worries); and
• a social component (e.g., a client’s relationships or
environment).
A client isn’t just a body; they’re a complex human being who thinks and feels a certain way
in a particular situation.
A biopsychosocial approach recognizes that a client’s health, performance, behaviors, experiences,
expectations and preferences aren’t just random. Rather, they’re both intrinsic to a person (e.g., a
client’s genetic makeup) and affected by the biological, psychological, and social contexts (e.g.,
how that client’s genetics are expressed under particular environmental conditions).
What are the 6 dimensions of deep health?
- Physical
- Mental
- Emotional
- Social
- Existential
- Environmental
What does the physical dimension of deep health involve?
How our bodies feels, functions and performs
What does the mental dimension of deep health involve?
• Cognition: How well we think, learn, and remember
• Mindset: Our perspective and outlook on the world
• Awareness: Our capacity for insight and conscious
awareness
• Creativity: Our creativity and flexible problem-solving
What does the emotional dimension of deep health invovle?
. Our general mood
• Feeling a full range of emotions; but also having more positive than negative emotions
• Recognizing and appropriately expressing emotions
• Regulating our emotions; being able to respond to emotional challenges in a resilient and
productive way
What does the existential dimension of deep health invovle?
- Having a deeper “why”
- Having a strong sense of ourselves and intrinsic self-worth
- Feeling part of a “bigger picture”, and/or a larger purpose than ourselves alone
What does the social domain of deep health involve?
Connecting and interacting well with others
• Developing and maintaining authentic, fulfilling
relationships
• Feeling respected, “seen”, valued, and supported by
others
• Having a sense of “belonging-ness”
What does the environmental dimension of deep health involve?
• Being and feeling safe and secure
• Being and feeling supported by our surroundings
• Having access to resources (e.g., health care, healthy food) and being able to act in
the world
When are we physically healthy?
I feel healthy, energized, and thriving. I perform and function well.
When are we mentally healthy?
I feel alert, focused, competent, and thoughtful. I learn, remember, and solve problems well.
When are we emotionally healthy?
I feel a full range of emotions, but mostly calm, hopeful and positive. I can express emotions appropriately.
When are we existentially healthy?
I feel a sense of meaning and purpose.
When are we socially healthy?
I feel connected and authentic with others. I feel supported. I belong.
When are we environmentally healthy?
What’s around me supports my health and wellbeing.
What is an example of poor physical health?
nagging injuries and illnesses, or mysterious food intolerances;
What are some examples of poor mental health?
critical and unhelpful thoughts, stories, and ways of solving problems;
What are some examples of poor emotional health?
not being able to calm or comfort themselves when they feel
upset;
What are some examples of poor social health?
not having connected relationships where they can get their needs met;
What are some examples of poor existential health?
existential health: e.g., not having a sense of meaning in what they’re doing, or making
numbers (such as calories, body fat, or exercise performance) their only purpose;
What are some examples of poor environmental health?
not having an environment that supports healthy habits;
What is meant be the social determinants of health?
environmental and social factors that influence health.
How does oppression and disadvantages affect health?
Oppression and disadvantages — such as poverty, racism, homophobia, lack of
accommodation for disabilities and/or displacement (e.g., being a refugee), can worsen
people’s health. On the other hand, having more access to social and political power and
resources (e.g., health care, a well-paying job, or safe housing) can improve health. This
relationship between people’s environment and their wellbeing is sometimes known as the
social determinants of health.
What is the primary goal of deep health for endurance athletes who compromise their health for performance goals?
For athletes seeking extreme and elite performance,
the goal is to keep them as healthy as possible, in as
many domains as possible, so they can perform
What is orthorexia?
a form of disordered eating that occurs when people are overly focused and obsessed with their health and healthy eating. They get anxious when they don’t strictly follow a certain way of eating.
What 8 questions can you use to quickly assess your deep health?
physical
- how is my energy level today?
- how pain free am I today?
- how recovered do I feel today?
mental & emotional
- how calm and focused am I today?
- how is my mood and outlook right now?
social
-how supported do I feel right now by the people around me?
environment
-how supported do I feel righ tnow by my environment
what are some awareness exercises for coaches and clients?
journals
body scan
5 whys
feedback
What are ethics?
the rules of conduct that govern particular professions and help to ensure that
clients and patients are protected from harm by practitioners.
What is profesionalism?
practicing a skill at a high level of competence and maturity.
What is the PN code of ethics?
Benevolance, Respect, Integrity, confidentiality, coaching agreements, dual relationships, scope of practice, competence
Benevolance: Act in the client’s best interest. Prioritize their wellbeing, safety, values, goals, and comfort
where possible.
Respect: Respect the worth and dignity of the clients you
serve. Treat all clients with professional courtesy,
compassion, and care.
Confidentiallity: Protect your clients’ privacy and confidentiality. This includes:
- Follow standard data security protocols, (e.g.,
protecting your personal logins and storing
client data securely).
- Be careful what you discuss about clients, and
with whom.
-Do not disclose personal or identifying details
of clients.
- Ask permission before sharing anything publicly
(e.g., on social media).
Integrity: Act with integrity. Make yourself worthy of
your clients’ respect and trust. Don’t exploit
your clients, financially or otherwise. Don’t
seek personal gain from your client relationship
(beyond your coaching reimbursement, obviously).
Objectivity: Act with objectivity. Know the rules, regulations, and procedures expected of you, and follow them equitably and appropriately for each client.
Coaching agreement: Set clear, accurate, and reasonable expectations.
Define the terms of the coaching arrangement
(e.g. payment, frequency of meeting, how
coaching works) immediately and explicitly, and
reinforce them often. Be upfront about what
results the client can realistically expect to see.
• Have clear professional boundaries. Avoid
multiple relationships (e.g., coaching friends or
family members; becoming friends with clients)
where possible. If you must have multiple
relationships, recognize the inherent power
imbalance in coaching, and be very clear what
hat you are wearing in a given situation.
Scope of practice: Know the limits of your skills and scope of
practice. If you can’t serve a client for reasons
of ethics or expertise, refer them out to another
coach and/or care provider if possible.
Competency: Keep your skills current. Pursue professional competence, excellence, and mastery. Be a credit to your profession.
What is beyond a nutrition coach’s scope of practice?
you can’t prescribe nutrition for specific health conditions and illnesses
you cannot diagnose, treat, cure or prescribe
you cannot work with a diagnosable disorder
What is within a nutrition coach’s scope of practice?
You can actively listen, and empathize with their struggles.
You can provide accountability and support.
You can help them advocate for themselves with their medical team.
You can share reputable and helpful resources for them to discuss with their medical team.
You can often help them implement the plan put forth by their medical team.
You can usually provide behavior-based coaching to help them develop fundamental nutrition, movement, and lifestyle skills and practices that don’t contradict their medical advice (get personal and medical consent before making any recommendations).
how can you use the biopsychosocial model to try and understand a client?
Biological: How does their body work? What’s their state of health or fitness?
Psychological: What’s their story? What do they need and want? What do they like, or not like?
Social: Where are they from? What’s their culture? What are their family norms? What can they afford?
What are Red, Yellow and Green light food?
Red light foods: foods that make them sick, or that they can’t digest well, or that they can’t eat sanely and moderately.
Yellow light foods: foods that are sort of OK, sometimes—for instance, they can eat them in a certain format (like fermented dairy but not milk), or in a certain amount, or in a certain situation (such as at a restaurant, or in their home country but not here, because the ingredients are different).
Green light foods: foods that they like, know how to prepare, digest well; and that they can eat moderately.
Why does deep health matter?
We want to help people feel and function well in all aspects of their lives. We don’t want clients to have big muscles but small lives, or to look good on the outside, but feel awful on the inside.
Excellence and results comes from …
consistently mastering the fundamentals
What is meant by:
“real change only comes from consistently choosing different actions, not just what we think or know.”
and what does that mean for coaching?
The desire and knowledge to change doesn’t lead to actual change if it is not put into action.
One can be very knowledgable about exercise, nutrition and behavioural change and even want to change, and still persist in old behavioural patterns.
ONLY persistant action leads to change.
We should therefore be action orientated. Encouraging clients to ACT
Coaching is not just about “getting results”. Coaching is fundamentally about … ?
creating a connection and a set of emotional experiences, helping clients feel the way they want to feel.
Even if clients get results, they might end up feeling unhappy if they don’t get the feeling they were seeking
Even when clients don’t get the exact results they were looking for, they will still change the way the feel about themselves, their power to make decisions, and their lives and in so doing feel accomplished.
What is Outcomes-based decision making?
Deciding what to do next besed on data and results
What is a curriculum?
Step by step progression for learning and practicing skills or material.
Why is having a curriculum useful?
It provides a clear path to success and scaffolds the client’s development.
What is the Zone of Proximal development?
The distance between what the client can do on their own without support and what they can accomplish with the help of a more knowledgable other.
What is an “Owner’s Manual”?
A journal that is used by the client to increase their level of awareness, insight and ownership of the change process, by gathering data, analysing experience, forming and testing hypothesis.
It is a reflective practice
Why is it recommended that the client start with the “Make time” and “Take a 5 minute action” excercises, instead of starting with nutrition practice?
The abillity to make time and to take action makes all other practices possible. Nothing else is possible without it.
Why is the “Make time” exercise so important?
It is a crucial survival habit. It declares that you matter. If you don’t make time, time will be taken form you. You’ll be pushed and pulled by other obligations. Something will always come up, and there’s never a “perfect time”.
What is the “Make time” exercise?
To book an appointment with yourself to do what needs to be done.
It is a commitment to your values, priorities and goals.
What 6 life skills does the “Make time” exercise help clients develop?
(prioritizing) identifying what is important to them
(advocacy) Asking or negotiating for what they want.
(realistic expectations ) Realistically assessing their own capacity
(planning) Looking ahead and planning, preparing
(risk management) anticipating and planning obstacles
(flow) dealing with unexpected challenges
What is a “One-day time-diary”?
recording what your are doing every 30 minutes for a day and then identifying those things that add value and those that distract but takes up a lot of your time. This is done to identify ways to “Make time” for more important things.
What 5 life skills and lessons does the “Make time” exercise help clients learn?
Action often comes before motivation not after
small actions help overcome procrastination
Small actions create momentum
Small actions are empowering and satisfying. The more we act, the better we feel.
Action is evidence. It can be measured. It gives us data. It is a life experiment that shows us what to do next.
Why is the “5 minute action” exercise so important?
Action helps the client to get moving and nothing happens or changes unless the client acts.
Why do we need to teach clients to track and measure more precisely?
Clients aren’t good at accurately estimating how much food they eat or how much activity they do.
What is a ‘hardaholic’?
a person how beliefs that ‘if it isn’t difficult, then I am not doing it right’
What are some of the caused for client’s unrealistic expectations?
Lack of awareness of how much food they eat and activity they do
Misguided believes “I can get a six pack in a week”
goals that are set to high “i’m gong to change my life right now!”
goals that are rigid. “ill eat perfectly everyday”
What is the problem with unrealistic expectations?
It sets the client up for disapointment
What is the running of the bear metaphor and how can it be used in coaching?
When you’re running from a bear, you don’t have to run the fasters…you just have to run faster than the slowerst person.
You never have to put in a perfect 100% effort, even a 10% effort can get results.
Don’t go for perfect, Go for “good enough, consistantly”. Having standards that are too hight, or chasing extremes without recovery results in burnout.
Help clients to develop a “progress, not perfection” mindset.
Encourage clients to think of success as a continuum, and to look for ways to nudge towards “ a little better”
what is the difference between difficult-easy and difficult-difficult?
difficult-easy are those things that are hard to do, even painful, but familliar to us. (Comfort Zone) Difficult-easy tasks take up a lot of our time, but doesn’t lead to growth and development
difficult-difficult are those things that are hard to do or painful and unfamilliar or new. (Growth Zone)Difficult-difficult tasks are the things we usually avoid, but that leads to growth.
Why is the difficult-easy, difficult-difficult exercise useful?
It helps clients identify their growth edge and ensures that time is spent on things that makes a difference.
How would you use the difficult-easy/difficult-difficult exercise with a client?
What’s your difficult-easy? The stuff that can feel like a crummy, frustrating, demotivating hamster wheel going nowhere?
What’s your difficult-difficult? The stuff that you have long avoided, but something you need to face in order to truly move forward?
What’s your 5 minute action? One small yet difficult-difficult thing you could do today to wrk toward your goal?
What is nutritional level?
A categorization of clients based on their nutrtional goals, knowledge, skills and consistent action
What is a beginner’s mind?
An open, receptive mental state of learning
What are aspects of a beginner’s mind?
stay receptive and open, treating each idea as fresh
review familiar ideas as if it were the first time you’d seen them
let yourself struggle and make mistakes as you experiment and learn
notice where your brain is taking shortcuts, skimming, and/or dismissing ideas with “I already know all of this”