Co-ordinate Covalent bonding (Dative)

Question 1

How is it formed

Answer 1

When one atom provides the shared pair of electrons in a molecules

Question 2

Conditions for the formation

Answer 2

1. An atom with a lone pair of electrons
2. Another atom that is electron deficient (an empty orbital) to accept lone pair of electrons

Question 3

An example

Answer 3

H
|
H — N –> H
|
H

Bond with the arrow is the coordinate bond as the Nitrogen has provided

all the electrons and the hydrogen on the right hasn’t provided any. The overall charge is positive as the hydrogen was a + ion