Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Systems Path 1 > CNS Tumors > Flashcards

CNS Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

Which is MC, cranial or spinal CNS tumors?

A

Cranial are MC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T/F

Most CNS tumors are secondary tumors

A

False,

Primary tumors from neuronal tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What characterizes the premalignant (in situ) stages of CNS tumors?

A

None, there is none.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is associated with non-resectable CNS tumors (all CNS tumors)?

A

Poor prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How often do CNS tumors metastasize outside the CNS?

A

Rarely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the features of CNS tumors?

A

HA, seizures, focal neuro defects, increased ICP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 3 types of gliomas?

A

Astrocytoma
Oligodendroglioma
Ependymoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which gliomas are diffuse (broad, pervasive)?

A

Astrocytoma

Oligodendroglioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are astrocytomas?

A

Diffuse: always malignant, 80% of adult gliomas, 30-60 years. Poorly circumscribed (more invasise, destructive), cerebral (frontal area MC location), seizures, HA, focal neuro defects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the behavior of astrocytomas in the brain?

A

Invasive, necrotic, distort brain tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are three grades (A, B, and C) of astrocytomas?

A

A: well-differentiated
B: Anaplastic
C: Glioblastoma (nasty one)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the prognosis for astrocytomas?

A

Poor. 1-5 years.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the survival prognosis for gliobastomas?

A

15 months, avg.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a pilocytic category of astocytoma?

A

Benign, cystic (hence the name), affect children/young adults, cerebellum and spinal cord (rarely cerebral) Well circumscribed lesion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What tends to happen with vessels in glioblastomas?

A

Possible crebral edema: “leaky” angiogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the tx for glioblastomas?

A

Anticonvulsants, corticosteroids, surgical excision, radiation, chemo.

17
Q

What is an oligodendroglioma?

A

Oligodendrocytes. Benign or malignant: depends on the grade. 5-15% of gliomas, age 30-50.

18
Q

Where are oligodendrogliomas found?

A

Frontal, temporal

19
Q

What predisposing characteristics can help identify oligodendrogliomas?

A

Hx. of neurologic symptom: years of seizures

20
Q

What is the prognosis for oligodendrogliomas?

A

5-20 years (surgery, chemo, radiation).

21
Q

What is an ependymoma?

A

Ependymal cells. MC in pediatrics: periventricular regions. Adults: spinal canal
NF2 (multiple schwannomas)

22
Q

What are some histological features of oligodendrogliomas

A

Uniform, dark chromatin, clear halo

23
Q

Whar are some histological features of ependymomas?

A

Fibrillary appearance, rosettes/canals

24
Q

What are embryonal (primative) neoplasms?

A

Neuroectodermal cells, “small round cells” (upon biopsy). Possible Homer-Wright rosettes (central neutrophil pseudo rosettes).

25
Q

What are medulloblastomas?

A

Malignant, 20% of pediatric brain tumors, well-circumscribed, hyperchromatic nuclei.

26
Q

What areas are medulloblastomas found?

A

Exclusively cerebellar: midline, infratentorial

27
Q

What is the tx for embryonal neoplasms?

A

Excision, radiation therapy, chemotherapy. Highly radiosensitive (responsive to chemo). 75% 5-year survival rate.

28
Q

What is similar to medulloblastomas?

A

PNETs are similar, but located outside the CNS

29
Q

What are primary CNS lymphomas?

A

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma, inside CNS. Aggressive, extranodal lymphoma. Rare: 1% of intracranial neoplasms

30
Q

What is the MC CNS tumor in the immunosuppressed?

A

Primary CNS lymphoma (implicated in AIDS)

31
Q

What will cause extensive necrosis in patients with primary CNS lymphomas?

A

EBV

32
Q

What areas of the CNS are affected by primary CNS lymphomas?

A

Any brain tissue, multifocal. Spreads via ventricles. Possible at any age, increased with age (>60 years).

33
Q

What is the prognosis for primary CNS lymphomas?

A

Very poor prognosis

34
Q

What is a meningioma?

A

Benign, but invasive, transformed arachnoid cells. MC affects adult females

35
Q

Where are meningiomas located?

A

Any surface of CNS, compression.

36
Q

What are risks associated with meningiomas?

A

Hx of irradiation, NF2

37
Q

What is the tx for meningiomas?

A

Most are able to be excised

38
Q

What are some features of meningiomas that have mets to the CNS?

A

25-50% of intracranial tumors
From: Lung, breast, melanoma (skin), kidney, G.I.
Well-circumscribed, gray/white jxn,. edema, gliosis

39
Q

What is a histological identifier of meningiomas?

A

Syncytial (whorled) cell clusters

Systems Path 1 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions