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Critically Ill Exam 2 > CNS Trauma > Flashcards

CNS Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

What type of hematoma is rapidly expanding with arterial blood?

A

Epidural Hematoma

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2
Q

What type of Hematoma is slowly expanding with venous blood?

A

Subdural Hematoma

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3
Q

What is the normal ICP?

A

5-15 mmHg

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4
Q

What is the measure of the brain tissue and CSF fluid?

A

ICP

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5
Q

Elevated ____ can lead to brain herniation

A

ICP

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6
Q

What is the normal range range for CPP?

A

50-70 mmHg

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7
Q

What is the equation for CPP?

A

CPP=MAP-ICP

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8
Q

True or False: an increased GSC score leads to a better response

A

True

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9
Q

True or false: the GCS is a diagnostic tool for CNS trauma

A

False

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10
Q

What is the goal range to reduce an elevated ICP?

A

<20-22 mmHg

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11
Q

What drug is used to decrease ICP?

A

Mannitol

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12
Q

What is the dose for mannitol?

A

0.25-1 gm/kg IV

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13
Q

What are the two strengths of Hypertonic Saline used to treat elevated ICP?

A
  1. 3%
  2. 23.4%
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14
Q

What line is preferred for the use of hypertonic saline?

A

Central line

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15
Q

What are 3 neurosurgical interventions needed to stop bleeding?

A
  1. Craniotomy, hemi-craniotomy
  2. External ventricular drain
  3. Antimicrobial prophylaxis
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16
Q

What is the sodium target in CNS trauma Populations?

A

145-155 mEq/L

17
Q

What type of solution is typically avoided in CNS trauma populations?

A

D5

18
Q

What are 3 agents used for seizure prophylaxis for CNS trauma patients?

A
  1. Keppra
  2. Phenytoin/fosphenytion
  3. Valproic acid
19
Q

How long is primary seizure prophylaxis?

A

Up to 7 days

20
Q

If a patient remains seizure free after 7 days, what do you do with the chosen agent?

A

The agent is discontinued

21
Q

If a patient has a seizure while on seizure prophylaxis, what happens with the chosen agent?

A

Lifelong antiepileptic therapy

22
Q

What trauma is more common with cervical injuries?

A

Neurogenic shock

23
Q

What is the target MAP for the first seven days of a spinal trauma?

A

85-90

24
Q

What are 2 things used to keep the target MAP in spinal traumas?

A
  1. Fluids
  2. Vasopressors
25
Q

True or False: corticosteroids are no longer used to treat spinal traumas

A

True

Critically Ill Exam 2 (7 decks)

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