CNS Stimulants

Question 1

Pharm for ADHD (2 categories, 9)

Answer 1

Stimulants: Methylphenidate (Ritalin), Dexmethylphenidate. Dextramphetamine (Adderall), mixed amphetamines
Non-stimulants:
-Atomoxetine: SNRI
-Guanfacine, Clonidine: å-2 agonists
-Bupropion + TCAs: 2nd line to stimulants

Question 2

Methylphenidate mechanism

Answer 2

Ritalin

-blocks NE/DA reuptake

Question 3

Amphetamine mechanism

Answer 3

Adderall

-blocks NE/DA reuptake and increases release by blocking vesicle storage

Question 4

Stimulant side effects

Answer 4

reduce appetite, weight loss, stomach ache, insomnia, headache, rebound symptoms, irritability

Question 5

Cocaine mechanism, administration effects and wear-off effects, chronic use effects

Answer 5

CNS stimulant, topical anesthetic. Mechanism: like amphetamines, block neurotransmitter reuptake, å-adrenergic peripheral effects
-euphoria, increase sympathetics, energy, tachycardia, vasoconstriction, bp, restlessness, mydriasis, hyperthermia

-when drug wears off: fatigue, depressed, drowsy.
Long-term: CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, MI, seizure, stroke, death. Paranoid psychosis, aggressive behavior. No OD treatment, just symptoms

Question 6

methamphetamine abuse (mechanism, symptoms

Answer 6

mechanism: rapid increase neurotransmitter reuptake, producing euphoria
Low dose: mental alertness, energy (like in ADHD treatment)
High dose: psychosis, oral damage (meth mouth)
Similar effects to cocaine but longer T1/2 and psychosis can be permanent