CNS Infection Flashcards
Most common bug causing meningitis in a newborn - 1 month?
Group B Strep
Most common bug causing meningitis in ages 1 month to 2 yrs?
Strep Pneumo
Most common bug causing meningitis in ages 2 - 18 yrs?
N. Meningitidis
Meningococcal Meningitis
Most common bug causing meningitis in persons over 18 yrs?
Strep Pneumo
Meningitis presentation Triad
High grade fever Nuchal rigidity Change in mental status (lethargy) also... HA, photophobia, exanthem
Meningitis exanthem
All body parts are affected
Rash does not fade under pressure
Purpura-esque (im my opinion)
Kernig sign
Supine position, flex hip 90 degrees.
Patient is unable to extend knee fully when hip is flexed.
Indicates Meningitis
Brudzinski sign
Spontaneous flexion of hips during attempted passive flexion of neck.
Indicates meningitis
Empiric therapy for meningitis?
Cefotaxime IV or Ceftriaxone IV + Vancomycin IV
with
Dexamethasone IV
Aseptic Meningitis
Clinical and lab evidence of meningeal inflammation w/ negative bacterial cultures.
Self-limiting
Most common etiology of aseptic meningitis
Enterovirus
Along with many others
How to differentiate btw meningitis and encephalitis?
The presence or absence of normal brain function.
Cerebral fxn is normal in meningitis
Cerebral fxn is declined with encephalitis
Encephalitis presentation
Altered mental status Seizures common Focal neuro deficits Personality changes Movement, speech disorders
Most common etiology of encephalitis
Viral (HSV I)
Bacterial encephalitis bugs
Lyme Dz Rocky mtn spotted fvr Rabies Syphilis TB
