CNS depressants

Question 1

what are sedative hypnotics used for

Answer 1

treat sleep disorders

Question 2

what kind of drug is alprazolam and lorazepam

Answer 2

benzo

Question 3

what is the MOA of a benzodiazepines

Answer 3

it interacts with GABA to reduce neuron excibility

Question 4

what does alprazolam do

Answer 4

TREAT anxiety and panic disorders
think ANDDDDD no more anxiety

Question 5

what is lorazepam used for

Answer 5

REDUCE anxiety
think Lorazepam Lowers anxiety

Question 6

what are some common side effects of benzos

Answer 6

lethargy, drowsy, confused, memory impairment

Question 7

what are some adverse reactions to benzos

Answer 7

depression, tolerence and dependence, hypotension, respiratory depression

Question 8

what can benzos and interact with

Answer 8

other CNS depressants, alcohol

Question 9

what conditions can you not give benzos

Answer 9

respiratory depression, allergy acute alcohol intoxication

Question 10

when should we use caution when giving benzos

Answer 10

older adults, depression, SI, liver and kidney dysfunction

Question 11

what should we asses before giving benzos

Answer 11

if there is a history of insomnia or anxiety disorder, review drug and medical hx, check the pt renal function and UO, assess pt mental status, vital signs, check skin for s/s of allergic reaction

Question 12

Nursing interventions for benzos

Answer 12

check VS bc of its depressant effect, teach pt to use non pharm methods to sleep, check the pt for adverse effects especially in older people, tell pt to report resp.depression or feelings of depression, teach pt to never abruptly stop these meds abruptly and to gradually withdraw

Question 13

What is the non-benzo

Answer 13

Zolpidem tartrate

Question 14

What is zolpidem tartrate used for

Answer 14

short term insomnia <10 days

Question 15

what is the MOA for Zolpidem and what is the duration of action

Answer 15

neurotransmitter inhibition, CNS depression
DOA- 6-8 hr

Question 16

what should the dose be in older adults

Answer 16

smaller dose

Question 18

what are some side effects of non-benzos

Answer 18

drowsiness, lethargy, dizzy, memory impairment, residual drowsiness (hangover), vivid dreams, nightmares

Question 19

what are some adverse reactions of non benzos

Answer 19

drug dependence
tolerence
excessive depression
respiratory depression
hypersensitivity
hypotension

Question 20

when should a pt take a non benzo

Answer 20

at night on an empty stomach

Question 21

what are some contraindications of nonbenzo

Answer 21

allergy to benzos
respiratory depression
severe renal or liver disease
children, older adults

Question 22

what does nonbenzo interact with

Answer 22

other CNS depressants
alcohol
food decreases absorption

Question 23

what should we assess with non benzo

Answer 23

VS and lab test
possible reasons for sleep disturbance
drug and medical hx

Question 24

what are some nursing interventions for nonbenzos

Answer 24

monitor vs
observe for side effects/adverese reactions
give at bedtime

Question 25

what should we teach the pt taking nonbenzo

Answer 25

use other nonpharm stuff first
avoid other CNS depressants
take at bedtime
do not drive on med
tell pt to report feelings of hangover or unwanted effects

Question 26

what drug is used as an IV anesthetics

Answer 26

Midazolam

Question 27

What is midazolam used for

Answer 27

general anesthesia or for induction
maintenance of anesthesia or conscious sedation for minor procedures
these pt are sedated and relaxed but still responsive to commands

Question 28

what are some adverse reactions for Midazolam

Answer 28

respiratory or IV depression

Question 29

what drug is a local anesthetic

Answer 29

Lidocaine

Question 30

what is the onset and duration of Lidocaine

Answer 30

rapid onset
longer duration

Question 31

what does lidocaine do

Answer 31

blocks the pain where it is given
and consciousness is maintained

Question 32

what is lidocaine used for

Answer 32

dental proceudres, suturing, minor surgery,nerve block to block nerve impulses below insertion of spinal anesthetic

Question 33

what are some side effect of spinal or epidural anesthesia

Answer 33

headache

Question 34

what are some adverse reactions to spinal or epidural anesthesia

Answer 34

hypotension
respiratory distress

Question 35

what should the nurse asses when giving anesthestics

Answer 35

obtain drug and health history looking for durgs that affect cardiopulmonary system
assess vital signs
the reason for administration
they must have returned sensation

Question 36

what are some nursing interventions when giving anesthetics

Answer 36

monitor safety
observe urine output
monitor VS especially for midazolam