CNS depressants Flashcards
what are sedative hypnotics used for
treat sleep disorders
what kind of drug is alprazolam and lorazepam
benzo
what is the MOA of a benzodiazepines
it interacts with GABA to reduce neuron excibility
what does alprazolam do
TREAT anxiety and panic disorders
think ANDDDDD no more anxiety
what is lorazepam used for
REDUCE anxiety
think Lorazepam Lowers anxiety
what are some common side effects of benzos
lethargy, drowsy, confused, memory impairment
what are some adverse reactions to benzos
depression, tolerence and dependence, hypotension, respiratory depression
what can benzos and interact with
other CNS depressants, alcohol
what conditions can you not give benzos
respiratory depression, allergy acute alcohol intoxication
when should we use caution when giving benzos
older adults, depression, SI, liver and kidney dysfunction
what should we asses before giving benzos
if there is a history of insomnia or anxiety disorder, review drug and medical hx, check the pt renal function and UO, assess pt mental status, vital signs, check skin for s/s of allergic reaction
Nursing interventions for benzos
check VS bc of its depressant effect, teach pt to use non pharm methods to sleep, check the pt for adverse effects especially in older people, tell pt to report resp.depression or feelings of depression, teach pt to never abruptly stop these meds abruptly and to gradually withdraw
What is the non-benzo
Zolpidem tartrate
What is zolpidem tartrate used for
short term insomnia <10 days
what is the MOA for Zolpidem and what is the duration of action
neurotransmitter inhibition, CNS depression
DOA- 6-8 hr
what should the dose be in older adults
smaller dose
what are some side effects of non-benzos
drowsiness, lethargy, dizzy, memory impairment, residual drowsiness (hangover), vivid dreams, nightmares
what are some adverse reactions of non benzos
drug dependence
tolerence
excessive depression
respiratory depression
hypersensitivity
hypotension
when should a pt take a non benzo
at night on an empty stomach
what are some contraindications of nonbenzo
allergy to benzos
respiratory depression
severe renal or liver disease
children, older adults
what does nonbenzo interact with
other CNS depressants
alcohol
food decreases absorption
what should we assess with non benzo
VS and lab test
possible reasons for sleep disturbance
drug and medical hx
what are some nursing interventions for nonbenzos
monitor vs
observe for side effects/adverese reactions
give at bedtime
what should we teach the pt taking nonbenzo
use other nonpharm stuff first
avoid other CNS depressants
take at bedtime
do not drive on med
tell pt to report feelings of hangover or unwanted effects
what drug is used as an IV anesthetics
Midazolam
What is midazolam used for
general anesthesia or for induction
maintenance of anesthesia or conscious sedation for minor procedures
these pt are sedated and relaxed but still responsive to commands
what are some adverse reactions for Midazolam
respiratory or IV depression
what drug is a local anesthetic
Lidocaine
what is the onset and duration of Lidocaine
rapid onset
longer duration
what does lidocaine do
blocks the pain where it is given
and consciousness is maintained
what is lidocaine used for
dental proceudres, suturing, minor surgery,nerve block to block nerve impulses below insertion of spinal anesthetic
what are some side effect of spinal or epidural anesthesia
headache
what are some adverse reactions to spinal or epidural anesthesia
hypotension
respiratory distress
what should the nurse asses when giving anesthestics
obtain drug and health history looking for durgs that affect cardiopulmonary system
assess vital signs
the reason for administration
they must have returned sensation
what are some nursing interventions when giving anesthetics
monitor safety
observe urine output
monitor VS especially for midazolam
