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pharm exam 1 > antiseizure > Flashcards

antiseizure Flashcards

1
Q

what drug is a hydantoin

A

phenytonin
anticonvulsant

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2
Q

what is the MOA of phenytoin

A

decreases excitability in the brain preventing seizure activity

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3
Q

what kind of protein bound is phenytoin

A

highly protein bound

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4
Q

what is the therapeutic level for phenytoin

A

10-20

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5
Q

what is the half life of phenytoin

A

7-60hr

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6
Q

what is hydantoin used for

A

treat tonic-colic and partial seiz.
status eplipeticus

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7
Q

what are some side effects of phenytoin

A

HA, dizzy, drowsy, depression
gingival hyperplasia
hyperglycemia
urine discoloration-pink-red-brow

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8
Q

what are some adverse effects of phenytoin

A

thrombocytopenia
SI
steven johnson synd
hypotension

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9
Q

what is a contraindication for phenytoin

A

pregnancy

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10
Q

what does phenytoin interact with

A

decrease effect
-anticoags
-oral contraceptives

decrease folic acid and Vit.K
decrease absorption of Calcium and vit D

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11
Q

what should you teach a pt who is taking phenytoin

A

avoid asprin
increase intake of folic acid, Vit D and K and calcium

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12
Q

what lab values would you check when giving phenytoin

A

BUN
creat
liver enzyme
UO

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13
Q

what herbs alter phenytoin

A

evening primrose-lower seiz threshold
ginkgo- decrease effectiveness

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14
Q

What are some nursing intervetions when giving phenytoin

A

monitor drug level
get a CBC to detect for blood dyscrais
make sure pt is getting enoiugh food- can cause anorexia
use another form of contraceptive

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15
Q

what should you teach a pt taking phenytoin

A

dont drive
talk to doc if wanting to get pregnant
avoid alcohol and other CNS depressatns
do not stop abruptly
if pt diabetic watch glucose closley
dont take OTC meds

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16
Q

how should pt take phenytoin

A

at same time everyday with food or milk

17
Q

what can we teach pt abt side effects of phenytoin

A

urine may be pink or red brown which is fine
keep good oral hygiene
report ST, bruising and nose bleeds-blood dyscrasia

18
Q

what can happen if you abruplty stop phenyotin

A

seizure rebound and status epliepticus

19
Q

how is phenytoin given

A

IV

20
Q

what is the MOA of levetiracetam

A

interfers with calcium dependent release of neurotransmitters

21
Q

what is levetiracetam

A

misc. antizeizure

22
Q

what is levetiracetam used for

A

partial and myoclonic, tonic-clonic
prevent substance withdrawl seiz.

23
Q

what are some side effects of levetiracetam

A

dizzy, drowst, HA
N&V
anorexia

24
Q

what are some adverse reactions to levetiracetam

A

renal toxicity
aggitaton, aggression, depression
confusion, SI
ataxia
SJS
DRESS

25
Q

what is the half life of levetiracetam

A

6-8hr

26
Q

how is levetiracetam given

A

PO

27
Q

what does levetiracetam interact with

A

alcohol, cannabis
decrease effectiveness with other antiseiz. drugs

28
Q

what are the containdicatons/cautions when giving levetiracetam

A

hypersensitivity
reduces dose bc of renal impairment
SI

29
Q

Nursing interventions for levetiracetam

A

monitor mental status-1st 4-6wk
water for hypersenstivity reactions
suicide assessment
avoid activites that need alertness until effect is known

30
Q

what type of drug is gabapentin

A

antiseizure

31
Q

what is the MOA of gabapentin

A

unknown
has analgesic activity
minimal protein binding

32
Q

what is gabapentine use for

A

seizures
neuropathic pain
restless leg syndrome

33
Q

how is gabapentin given

A

PO

34
Q

what is the half life of gabapentin

A

5-7hr

35
Q

what are some side effects of gabapentin

A

dizzy, drowsy,
HTN
anorexia
gingivitis
weight gain

36
Q

what are some adverse reactions to gabapentin

A

neruobehaviroal
SJS
angioedema
ataxia
rhabdomyolysis-elevated creat
vision disturbance

37
Q
A

pharm exam 1 (4 decks)

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