Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Life Protection > CNS anatomy > Flashcards

CNS anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main sutures present on the calvaria?

A

coronal suture
saggital suture
lambdoid suture
squamosal suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the calvaria?

A

cranial vault

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which bones articulate at the coronal suture?

A

parietal and frontal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which bones articulate at the saggital suture?

A

2x parietal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which bones articulate at the lambdoid suture?

A

2x parietal and occipital bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which bones articulate at the squamosal suture?

A

temporal squama and parietal bone (lower border)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What suture is present between the 2 halves of the frontal bone in the foetal skull? By what age does this suture close?

A

frontal suture

6-8 years of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the significance of the anterior and posterior fontanelles?

A

Allow child’s head to pass through the birth canal

As bony skull plates can flex due to the space in the fontanelle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the attachment points for the dura to the base of the cranial cavity?

A

anterior and posterior clinoid processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does the skull articulate with the first cervical vertebra?

A

at the foramen magnum and occipital condyles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The internal carotid artery has a tortuous course through a canal - which is this?

A

carotid canal

and foramen lacerum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the jugular foramen?

A

point at which venous blood drains from the brain via the internal jugular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the main lobes of the brain?

A

parietal
frontal
occipital temporal
cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the main features present on the brain surface that delineate the main lobes?

A 
longitudinal fissure
transverse fissure
lateral (Sylvian) fissure
central sulcus 
parieto-occipital sulcus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is the precentral and postcentral gyri located? What structure is located in these locations?

A

anterior and posterior to the central sulcus respectively
primary motor cortex (anterior to central sulcus)
somatosensory cortex (posterior to central sulcus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which is the only structure on brain surface that runs uninterrupted from the longitudinal fissure to the lateral sulcus?

A

central sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the corpus callosum?

A

massive bundle of commissural fibres

connects left and right side of cortex halves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What structures lie inferior to the corpus callosum?

A 
fornix
septum pellucidum (suspended between fornix and underside of corpus callosum)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What structure follows the curve of the corpus callosum?

A

cingulate gyrus

superior to this is the cingulate sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where does the cingulate sulcus terminate?

A

by passing upwards towards a sulcus
then continues over the surface of the parietal lobe
sulcus immediately anterior to this is the central sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the 3 layers of meninges that cover the CNS?

A

Pia mater
arachnoid mater
dura mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the nature of the pia mater?

A

very fine and is adherent to the brain surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What ia the nature of the arachnoid mater?

A

lies between pia mater and dura

Blood vessels that supply the brain run through the subarachnoid space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the nature of the dura mater?

A

tough and fibrous and is largely adherent to the inside of the skull

25
Q

What is the diaphragma sellae?

A

flat piece of dura mater with a circular hole

allowing vertical passage of pituitary stalk

26
Q

Which structure lies beneath the diaphragma sella?

A

pituitary gland = hypophysis

27
Q

What is the fossa hypophyses?

A

most inferior pair of the sella turcica

28
Q

Through which structure is venous blood from the brain returned to systemic circulation?

A

venous sinuses

= series of valveless channels through the dura

29
Q

Which sinuses converge at the CONFLUENCE SINUSORUM?

A
  • superior sagittal sinus
  • straight sinus
  • occipital sinus
30
Q

Where does blood drain beyond the confluence sinusorum?

A

left and right transverse sinuses

31
Q

What are the different sinuses that are present within the venous sinuses?

A
  • superior sagittal
  • inferior sagittal
  • straight
  • petrosal
  • transverse
  • sigmoid
32
Q

Where do the sigmoid sinuses terminate?

A

jugular foramen

33
Q

Where is CSF continuously produced?

A

in choroid plexus mainly within lateral ventricles

= invagination of blood capillaries into the ventricles

34
Q

What course does the CSF take (circulation)?

A

(lateral ventricle): through the intraventricular foramen into the third ventricle
then via cerebral aqueduct into fourth ventricle
then out via foramen of Magendie and foramina of Luschka
into cisterna Magna and subarachnoid space

35
Q

Where are the arachnoid granulations located? What is the function of these structures?

A

either side of the longitudinal fissure

Role: contains vilii. important in returning CSF to the venous circulation

36
Q

Where does the brain receive its blood from?

A
  • vertebral arteries

- internal carotid arteries

37
Q

What are the differences in the origins of the left and right common carotid arteries?

A

LEFT: originates at the aortic arch
RIGHT: originates from brachiocephalic trunk

38
Q

At what vertebral level does the common carotid bifurcate? Which vessels are formed from this?

A

C4
at upper border of thyroid cartilage
forms internal and external carotid arteries

39
Q

Which branch of the common carotid artery gives no branches to the neck or head?

A

internal carotid

40
Q

What is the first branch of the subclavian arteries?

A

vertebral arteries

41
Q

What is the route of the vertebral arteries?

A

through the foramina transversaria
round the occipital condyles
into the cranial cavity via the foramen magnum

42
Q

What do the left and right vertebral arteries unite to form?

A

Basilar artery

ascends the slope (= clivus) to the cranial base

43
Q

The circle of Willis is comprised of which main arteries?

A

basilar and internal carotids = ring of arteries

44
Q

Which arteries are comprised within the circle of Willis?

A
  • posterior cerebral
  • posterior communicating
  • middle cerebral
  • anterior cerebral
  • anterior communicating
45
Q

Where does the internal jugular vein terminate?

A

Joins with subclavian vein to become brachiocephalic vein (innominate vein)

46
Q

Which structure allows CSF to flow from the fourth ventricle into the cisterna magna?

A

foramen of Magendie (Median aperture)

47
Q

What connects the two lateral ventricles to the third ventricle allowing CSF flow between?

A

intraventricular foramina

48
Q

Wha is the foramen of Magendie

A

a subarachnoid cisterna located between the cerebellum and medulla
From here, CSF flows through the subarachnoid space

49
Q

What are the foramina of Luschka?

A

= 2x lateral apertures

drain CSF into the cerebellopontine angle cistern, which lies between the pons and cerebellum
CSF can flow through the subarachnoid space from here

50
Q

What nerves are contained within the cerebellopontine angle?

A

facial nerve

vestibulocochlear angle

51
Q

What is dysdiadochokinesis?

A

inability to perform rapid alternating movements on the same side

suggests lesion in cerebellum on same side

52
Q

Where does the spinal cord terminate in neonates?

A

L3

53
Q

Where does the spinal cord terminate in adults?

A

L1-2

54
Q

What are the branches of the external carotid artery/?

A

“Some Angry Ladies Fight Off PMS”

Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial 
Occipital 
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Superficial temporal
55
Q

What are the cerebral branches of the internal carotid artery?

A

“Only Press Carotid Arteries Momentarily”

Opthalmic
Posterior communicating 
Choroidal
Anterior cerebral
Middle cerebral
56
Q

At what level is the hyoid bone found?

A

C3

57
Q

At what level is the notch of the thyroid cartilage?

A

C4

58
Q

At what level does the cricoid cartilage terminate?

A

C6

59
Q

What structures are found at the lower border of the cricoid cartilage?

A
  • start of trachea
  • largo-tracheal jnct
  • pharynx-oesophagus jnct
  • C6 transverse foramina
  • middle cervical sympathetic ganglion
  • point at which inferior thyroid enters the thyroid
  • superior belly of omohyoid crosses the carotid sheath

Life Protection (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions