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Pharmacology > CNS > Flashcards

CNS Flashcards

1
Q

Ion channels and controlling receptors

A

Voltage-gated, ligand-gated (ionotropic), membrane delimited metabotropic ion channel, diffusible second messenger metabotropic ion channel

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2
Q

Sodium channel antagonist

A

Tetrodotoxin (puffer fish)

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3
Q

Nicotinic AChR antagonist

A

Alpha-bungarotoxin (marine snake)

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4
Q

GABAa receptor antagonist

A

Picrotoxin (South Pacific plant)

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5
Q

Glycine receptor antagonist

A

Strychnine (Indian plant)

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6
Q

Ketamine

A

Glutamate antagonist, rapidly acting antidepressent

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7
Q

Nuclei producing norepinephrine

A

Locus coeruleus

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8
Q

Projection sites for NE

A

Hypothalamus, cortex, subiculum, olfactory bulb, thalamus, amygdala, midbrain central gray matter

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9
Q

Drugs acting on NE

A

Cocaine- blocks NE reuptake transporter
Desipramine, maprotyline, protryptiline- NE reuptake inhibitors
Rauwolfia alkaloids (reserpine)- release NE by disrupting synaptic vesicle transporters
Guanethedine- hypertension, inhibits NE release from nerve endings

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10
Q

Nuclei producing dopamine

A

Ventral tegmental area, substantia nigra, tuberoinfundibular, lateral tegmental area, dorsal raphe, olfactory bulb

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11
Q

Dopamine pathways and projections

A

Tuberinfundibular to neurohypophysis, median eminence
Nigrostriatal- substantia nigra to caudate/putamen
Mesolimbic pathway- VTA and SN to the nucleus accumbens

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12
Q

Drugs acting on dopamine

A

Sinemet- L-DOPA- precursor, carbidopa- inhibits dopa decarboxylase
Spiroperidol, pimozide, haloperidol (phenotiazines)- anti-psychotics, DA2 receptor antagonists
Stimulants (amphetamine, methamphetamine)- release DA

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13
Q

Nuclei producing serotonin

A

Raphe magnus, dorsal raphe, pontine raphe, central superior, parabrachialis

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14
Q

Projection sites for serotonin

A

Hypothalamus, cortex, subiculum, olfactory bulb, thalamus, basal ganglia

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15
Q

Drugs acting on serotonin

A

Fluoxetine, escitalopram, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, trazodone, imipramine- serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Methysergide, LSD

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16
Q

Acetylcholine receptor subtype and agonist

A

Muscarinic (M1), muscarine

17
Q

Dopamine receptor subtypes and agonist

A

D1

D2, bromocriptine

18
Q

GABA receptor subtype and agonist

A

GABAa, muscimol, barbiturates

19
Q

Glutamate receptor subtype and agonist

A

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), NMDA

20
Q

5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) serotonin receptor subtype and agonist

A

5-HT1a, LSD

21
Q

Drugs acting on GABA

A

Stimulation of GABA receptors hyperpolarizes cells, depressants, barbiturates stimulate GABA receptor, increase Cl- influx, benzodiazepines bind to site on GABAa receptor

22
Q

GABAa

A

Ligand-gated receptor/ion channel, has binding areas for benzodiazepines, flumazenil, zolpidem, barbiturates

Pharmacology (15 decks)

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