CNAF Verbatim

Question 1

Actual Instrument Approach

Answer 1

When actual instrument conditions are encountered below 1,000 feet above the airport/flight deck elevation during an instrument approach.

Question 2

Actual Instrument Conditions

Answer 2

Conditions external to the aircraft in flight that do not permit visual reference to the horizon.

Question 3

Operational Necessity

Answer 3

A mission associated with war or peacetime operations in which the consequences of an action justify accepting the risk of loss of aircraft and crew.

Question 4

NATOPS

Answer 4

Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures Standardization

Question 5

Purpose of NATOPS per CNAF

Answer 5

The NATOPS program is a positive approach towards improving combat readiness and achieving a substantial reduction in aircraft mishaps.

Question 6

Military Exigency Clause

Answer 6

In the tactical environment, military exigency may require on-site deviations from instructions/procedures contained here. The existing risk of deviation must continually be weighed against the benefit of deviating from this manual. Deviation from specified flight an operating instructions is authorized in emergency situations when, in the judgement of the pilot in command, safety justifies such a deviation.

Question 7

Warning

Answer 7

Explanatory information about an operating procedure, practice, or condition, etc., that may result in injury, death, or loss of aircraft if not carefully observed or followed.

Question 8

Caution

Answer 8

Explanatory information about an operating procedure, practice, or condition, etc., that may result in damage to equipment if not carefully observed or followed.

Question 9

Note

Answer 9

Explanatory information about an operating procedure, practice, or condition, etc., that must be emphasized.

Question 10

Shall

Answer 10

Is used only when application of a procedure is mandatory

Question 11

Should

Answer 11

Is used only when application of a procedure is recommended

Question 12

May/Need Not

Answer 12

Are used only when application of a procedure is optional.

Question 13

Will

Answer 13

Indicates futurity and never indicated any degree of requirement for application of a procedure.

Question 14

Land Immediately

Answer 14

Execute a landing without delay

Question 15

Land as soon as possible

Answer 15

Land at the first site at which a safe landing can be made

Question 16

Land as soon as practicable

Answer 16

Extended flight is not recommended. The landing site and duration of flight are at the discretion of the pilot in command.

Question 17

Personnel authorized to taxi naval aircraft

Answer 17

Helicopter:

No one shall be permitted to taxi a helicopter except those persons who are authorized to fly helicopters.

Question 18

Pilot in Command

Answer 18

Pilot in command refers to the pilot of an individual aircraft. The pilot in command is responsible for the safe and orderly flight of the aircraft and well-being of the crew. Pilots shall not be designated as pilot in command unless the pilot has made at least 2 takeoffs and landings and logged 5 hours of pilot time in the same model aircraft within the preceding 90 days. Also lacking NATOPS guidance for a specific aircraft, 10 hours of first pilot time in model is required for initial qualification. The authority and responsibility of the pilot in command shall not be transferred during flight. It shall not be transferred to another individual except as required by emergency, operational necessity, or as directed by the CO of the unit to which the aircraft is attached. The authority and responsibility of a pilot in command is independent of rank or seniority in relation to other persons participating in the mission or flight except for the following: OTCE or FOGOE.

Question 19

Controlling Custodian

Answer 19

The command exercising administrative control of assignment, employment, and logistic support of aircraft. Controlling custodians are identified in CNAF 4790.2A. (Our controlling custodian is CNAF).

Question 20

Flight for Helicopters

Answer 20

A flight begins when the aircraft lifts from a rest point or commences ground taxi and ends after airborne flight when the rotors are disengaged or the aircraft has been stationary for 5 mins with rotors engaged.

Question 21

Hazard

Answer 21

A condition with the potential to cause personal injury or death, property damage, or mission degradation.

Question 22

Instrument Meteorological Conditons

Answer 22

IMC conditions exist anytime a visible horizon is not distinguishable.

Question 23

Instrument Time

Answer 23

The portion of pilot time in either day or night under actual or simulated instrument conditions.

1. Actual instrument time will be logged by both pilots in a dual/multipiloted aircraft during flight in actual in instrument conditions.
2. Simulated instrument time shall be logged only by the pilot actually manipulating the controls.

Question 24

Local Flying Area

Answer 24

That are in the vicinity of an air installation in which locally-based aircraft can operate during an average/typical sorties flight time. The local flying area shall not exceed 350 miles from an air installation and be designated as such in the Air Operations Manual by the CO. In so far as practicable, local flying areas shall be bounded by prominent terrain features and/or air navigation aid radials/distances.

Question 25

Multipiloted Aircraft

Answer 25

Any aircraft having two sets of flight controls and instruments and operated by two pilots, both of who meet the requirements of the NATOPS manual for that model aircraft.

Question 26

Officer in Tactical Command

Answer 26

The senior officer present eligible to assume command, or the officer to whom he has delegated tactical command.

Question 27

Night time

Answer 27

The portion of pilot time during darkness (i.e., between the official time of sunset and sunrise, on the surface below the aircraft in flight), regardless of whether visual or instrument conditions exist.

Question 28

ORM

Answer 28

Operational Risk Management: The process of dealing with the risk associated with military operations, which include risk assessment, risk decision making, and implementation of effective risk controls.

Question 29

Risk

Answer 29

An expression of possible loss in terms of severity and probability.

Question 30

Officer in Tactical Command Embarked

Answer 30

Wing, group, or squadron commander, if embarked on a mission involving aircraft of their command, retains full authority and responsibility regarding command, including the mission in which participating.

Question 31

Flag or General Officer Embarked

Answer 31

The pilot in command of an aircraft with a flag or general officer eligible for command at sea or in the field embarked as a passenger shall be subject to the orders of such flag or general officer in accordance with U.S. Navy Regulations. When such an embarked passenger exercises authority to command the aircraft, that passenger thereby assumes full responsibility for the safe an orderly conduct of the flight. The embarked passenger shall give due consideration to the judgment of the pilot in command regarding items of flight safety such as hazardous weather and aircraft/crew limitations. Flying rule violations, accident reports, and any other actions arising out of the flight will be referred to the embarked passenger as the responsible commander of the aircraft.

Question 32

Purpose of ORM

Answer 32

ORM is a systematic, decision making process used to identify and manage hazards that endanger naval resources. ORM is a tool used to make informed decisions by providing the best baseline of knowledge and experience available. Its purpose is to increase operational readiness by anticipating hazards and reducing the potential for loss, thereby increasing probability for success to gain the competitive advantage in combat.

Question 33

ORM Process

Answer 33

``` Identify hazards Assess hazards Make risk decisions Implement controls Supervise ```

Question 34

ORM Levels: Time Critical

Answer 34

Time critical: A quick mental review of the five step process when time does not allow for any more (in flight mission/situation changes)

Question 35

ORM Levels: Deliberate

Answer 35

Experience and brain storming are used to identify hazards and is best done in groups (aircraft moves, fly on/off)

Question 36

ORM Levels: In depth

Answer 36

More substantial tools are used to thoroughly study the hazards and their associated risk in complex operations (Weapons Det)

Question 37

ORM Principles

Answer 37

1. Accept risk when benefits outweigh the costs 2. Accept no unnecessary risk 3. Anticipate and manage risk by planning 4. Make risk decisions at the right level

Question 38

Intent

Answer 38

Lack of intent does not in itself constitute absence of culpability. One can be so grossly negligent as to equate omission with commission. The question is whether the pilot in command or the formation leader could reasonably have been expected to avoid the violation.

Question 39

Critical Phases of Flight

Answer 39

The pilot in command shall occupy as flight control station during critical phases of flight (i.e, takeoff, landing, formation flight, functional check flight, degraded aircraft performance regimes, etc.).