cna skills Flashcards
skill 1-hand hygiene (hand washing)
1 Address client by name and introduces self to client by
name
2 Turns on water at sink
3 Wets hands and wrists thoroughly
4 Applies soap to hands
**5 Lathers all surfaces of wrists, hands, and fingers
producing friction, for at least 20 (twenty) seconds,
keeping hands lower than the elbows and the
fingertips down
6 Cleans fingernails by rubbing fingertips against palms
of the opposite hand
**7 Rinse all surfaces of wrists, hands, and fingers,
keeping hands lower than the elbows and the
fingertips down
8 Uses clean, dry paper towel/towels to dry all surfaces
of fingers, hands, and wrists starting at fingertips then
disposes of paper towel/towels into waste container
9 Uses clean, dry paper towel/towels to turn off faucet
then disposes of paper towel/towels into waste
container or uses knee/foot control to turn off faucet
10 Does not touch inside of sink at any time
skill 2-applies one knew-high elastic stocking
Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and
directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
3 Client is in supine position (lying down in bed) while
stocking is applied
4 Turns stocking inside-out, at least to the heel
5 Places foot of stocking over toes, foot, and heel
6 Pulls top of stocking over foot, heel, and leg
7 Moves foot and leg gently and naturally, avoiding force
and over-extension of limb and joints
**8 Finishes procedure with no twists or wrinkles and
heel of stocking, if present, is over heel and opening
in toe area (if present) is either over or under toe
area; if using a mannequin, candidate may state
stocking needs to be wrinkle-free
9 Signaling device is within reach and bed is in low
position
10 After completing skill, wash hands
skill 3-assit to ambulate using transfer belt
Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and directly,
maintaining face-to-face contact whenever possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
**3 Before assisting to stand, client is wearing non-skid
shoes/footwear
4 Before assisting to stand, bed is at a safe level
5 Before assisting to stand, checks and/or locks bed wheels
**6 Before assisting to stand, client is assisted to sitting
position with feet flat on the floor
7 Before assisting to stand, applies transfer belt securely
at the waist over clothing/gown
8 Before assisting to stand, provides instructions to
enable client to assist in standing including prearranged
signal to alert client to begin standing
9 Stands facing client positioning self to ensure safety of
candidate and client during transfer. Counts to three
(or says other prearranged signal) to alert client to
begin standing
10 On signal, gradually assists client to stand by grasping
transfer belt on both sides with an upward grasp
(candidate’s hands are in upward position), and
maintaining stability of client’s legs by standing knee to
knee, or toe to toe with client
11 Walks slightly behind and to one side of client for a
distance of ten (10) feet, while holding onto the belt
12 Assists client to bed and removes transfer belt
13 Signaling device is within reach and bed is in low
position
14 After completing skill, wash hands
skill 4-assit with use of bedpan
1 Explains procedure speaking clearly, slowly, and directly,
maintaining face-to-face contact whenever possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
3 Before placing bedpan, lowers head of bed
4 Puts on clean gloves before placing bedpan under client
5 Places bedpan correctly under client’s buttocks
6 Removes and disposes of gloves (without contaminating
self) into waste container and washes hands
7 After positioning client on bedpan and removing
gloves, raises head of bed
8 Toilet tissue is within reach
9 Hand wipe is within reach and client is instructed to
clean hands with hand wipe when finished
10 Signaling device within reach and client is asked to
signal when finished
11 Puts on clean gloves before removing bedpan
12 Head of bed is lowered before bedpan is removed
13 Ensures client is covered except when placing and
removing bedpan
14 Empties and rinses bedpan and pours rinse into toilet
15 Places bedpan in designated dirty supply area
16 Removes and disposes of gloves (without contaminating
self) into waste container and washes hands
17 Signaling device is within reach and bed is in low
position
skill 5-cleans upper or lower denture
1 Puts on clean gloves before handling denture
2 Bottom of sink is lined and/or sink is partially filled
with water before denture is held over sink
3 Rinses denture in moderate temperature running water
before brushing them
4 Applies denture toothpaste to toothbrush
5 Brushes all surfaces of denture
6 Rinses all surfaces of denture under moderate
temperature running water
7 Rinses denture cup and lid
8 Places denture in denture cup with moderate
temperature water/solution and places lid on cup
9 Rinses toothbrush and places in designated toothbrush
basin/container
10 Maintains clean technique with placement of
toothbrush and denture
11 Sink liner is removed and disposed of appropriately
and/or sink is drained
12 Removes and disposes of gloves (without contaminating
self) into waste container and washes hands
skill 6-counts and records radial pulse
1 Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and
directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Places fingertips on thumb side of client’s wrist to
locate radial pulse
3 Count beats for one full minute
4 Signaling device is within reach
5 Before recording, washes hands
**6 Records pulse rate within plus or minus 4 beats of
evaluator’s reading
skill 7-counts and records respirations
1 Explains procedure (for testing purposes), speaking
clearly, slowly, and directly, maintaining face-to-face
contact whenever possible
2 Counts respirations for one full minute
3 Signaling device is within reach
4 Before recording, washes hands
**5 Records respiration rate within plus or minus 2 breaths of evaluator’s reading
skill 8-donning and removing ppe (gown and gloves)
1 Picks up gown and unfolds
2 Facing the back opening of the gown places arms
through each sleeve
3 Fastens the neck opening
4 Secures gown at waist making sure that back of
clothing is covered by gown (as much as possible)
5 Puts on gloves
6 Cuffs of gloves overlap cuffs of gown
**7 Before removing gown, with one gloved hand,
grasps the other glove at the palm, remove glove
**8 Slips fingers from ungloved hand underneath cuff of
remaining glove at wrist, and removes glove turning
it inside out as it is removed
9 Disposes of gloves into designated waste container
without contaminating self
10 After removing gloves, unfastens gown at waist and
neck
11 After removing gloves, removes gown without touching
outside of gown
12 While removing gown, holds gown away from body
without touching the floor, turns gown inward and
keeps it inside out
13 Disposes of gown in designated container without
contaminating self
14 After completing skill, washes hands
skill 9-dresses client with affected (weak) right arm
1 Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and
directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
3 Asks which shirt he/she would like to wear and dresses
him/her in shirt of choice
4 Avoids overexposure of client by ensuring client’s chest
is covered
5 Removes gown from the left (unaffected) side first,
then removes gown from the right (affected/weak) side
6 Before dressing client, disposes of gown into soiled
linen container
**7 Assists to put the right (affected/weak) arm through
the right sleeve of the shirt before placing garment
on left (unaffected) arm
8 While putting on shirt, moves body gently and
naturally, avoiding force and over-extension of limbs
and joints
9 Finishes with clothing in place
10 Signaling device is within reach and bed is in low
position
11 After completing skill, washes hands
skill 10-feeds client who cannnot feed self
1 Explains procedure to client, speaking clearly, slowly,
and directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Before feeding, looks at name card on tray and asks
client to state name
**3 Before feeding client, client is in an upright sitting
position (75-90 degrees)
4 Places tray where the food can be easily seen by client
5 Candidate cleans client’s hands before beginning
feeding
6 Candidate sits in a chair facing client during feeding
7 Tells client what foods and beverage are on tray
8 Asks client what he/she would like to eat first
9 Using spoon, offers client one bite of each type of food
on tray, telling client the content of each spoonful
10 Offers beverage at least once during meal
11 Candidate asks client if they are ready for next bite of
food or sip of beverage
12 At end of meal, candidate cleans client’s mouth and
hands
13 Removes food tray
14 Leaves client in upright sitting position (75-90 degrees)
with signaling device within client’s reach
15 After completing skill, washes hands
skill 11-gives modified bed bath (face and on earm, hand and underarm)
1 Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and directly,
maintaining face-to-face contact whenever possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
3 Removes gown and places directly in soiled linen
container while ensuring client’s chest and lower body
is covered
4 Before washing, checks water temperature for safety
and comfort and asks client to verify comfort of water
5 Puts on clean gloves before washing client.
**6 Beginning with eyes, washes eyes with wet washcloth
(no soap), using a different area of the washcloth for
each stroke, washing inner aspect to outer aspect
then proceeds to wash face
7 Dries face with dry cloth towel/washcloth
8 Exposes one arm and places cloth towel underneath arm
9 Applies soap to wet washcloth
10 Washes fingers (including fingernails), hand, arm, and
underarm keeping rest of body covered
11 Rinses and dries fingers, hand, arm, and underarm
12 Moves body gently and naturally, avoiding force and
over-extension of limbs and joints
13 Puts clean gown on client
14 Empties, rinses, and dries basin
15 Places basin in designated dirty supply area
16 Disposes of linen into soiled linen container
17 Avoids contact between candidate clothing and used
linens
18 Removes and disposes of gloves (without contaminating
self) into waste container and washes hands
19 Signaling device is within reach and bed is in low
position
skill 13-measures and records urinary output
1 Puts on clean gloves before handling bedpan
2 Pours the contents of the bedpan into measuring
container without spilling or splashing urine outside of
container
3 Rinses bedpan and pours rinse into toilet
4 Measures the amount of urine at eye level with
container on flat surface (if between measurement
lines, round up to nearest 25 ml/cc)
5 After measuring urine, empties contents of measuring
container into toilet
6 Rinses measuring container and pours rinse into toilet
7 Before recording output, removes and disposes
of gloves (without contaminating self) into waste
container and washes hands
**8 Records contents of container within plus or minus
25 ml/cc of evaluator’s reading
skill 14-measures and records weight of ambulatory client
1 Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and
directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Client has non-skid shoes/footwear on before walking
to scale
3 Before client steps on scale, candidate sets scale to zero
4 Asks client to step on center of scale and obtains
client’s weight
5 Asks client to step off scale
6 Before recording, washes hands
**7 Records weight based on indicator on scale. Weight
is within plus or minus 2 lbs of evaluator’s reading
(If weight recorded in kg weight is within plus or
minus 0.9 kg of evaluator’s reading)
skill 15-perfroms modified passive range of motion (PROM) for one knee and one ankle
1 Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and
directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
3 Ensures that client is supine in bed and instructs client
to inform candidate if pain is experienced during
exercise
**4 While supporting the leg at knee and ankle, bends
the knee and then returns leg to client’s normal
position (flexion/extension) (AT LEAST 3 TIMES
unless pain is verbalized). Moves joints gently,
slowly and smoothly through the range of motion,
discontinuing exercise if client verbalizes pain.
**5 While supporting the foot and ankle close to the
bed, pushes/pulls foot toward head (dorsiflexion),
and pushes/pulls foot down, toes point down
(plantar flexion) (AT LEAST 3 TIMES unless
pain is verbalized). Moves joints gently, slowly
and smoothly through the range of motion,
discontinuing exercise if client verbalizes pain.
6 Signaling device is within reach and bed is in low
position
7 After completing skill, washes hands
skill 16-performs modified passive range of motion (PROM) for one shoulder
1 Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and directly,
maintaining face-to-face contact whenever possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
3 Instructs client to inform candidate if pain experienced
during exercise
**4 While supporting arm at the elbow and at the wrist,
raises client’s straightened arm from side position
upward toward head to ear level and returns arm
down to side of body (flexion/extension) (AT
LEAST 3 TIMES unless pain is verbalized). Moves
joint gently, slowly and smoothly through the range
of motion, discontinuing exercise if client verbalizes
pain.
**5 While supporting arm at the elbow and at the wrist,
moves client’s straightened arm away from the side
of body to shoulder level and returns to side of
body (abduction/adduction) (AT LEAST 3 TIMES
unless pain is verbalized). Moves joint gently,
slowly and smoothly through the range of motion,
discontinuing exercise if client verbalizes pain.
6 Signaling device is within reach and bed is in low
position
7 After completing skill, washes hands
skill 17-positions on side
Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and
directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
3 Before turning, lowers head of bed
4 Raises side rail on side to which body will be turned
5 Candidate assists client to slowly roll onto side toward
raised side rail
6 Places or adjusts pillow under head for support
7 Candidate repositions arm and shoulder so that client is
not lying on arm
8 Supports top arm with supportive device
9 Places supportive device behind client’s back
10 Places supportive device between legs with top knee
flexed; knee and ankle supported
11 Signaling device is within reach and bed is in low
position
12 After completing skill, washes hands
skill 18-provides catheter care for female
1 Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and
directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
3 Before washing, checks water temperature for safety and
comfort and asks client to verify comfort of water
4 Puts on clean gloves before washing
5 Places linen protector under perineal area including
buttocks before washing
6 Exposes area surrounding catheter (only exposing client
between hip and knee)
7 Applies soap to wet washcloth
**8 While holding catheter at meatus without tugging,
cleans at least four inches of catheter from meatus,
moving in only one direction, away from meatus,
using a clean area of the washcloth for each stroke
**9 While holding catheter at meatus without tugging,
using a clean washcloth, rinses at least four inches
of catheter from meatus, moving only in one
direction, away from meatus, using a clean area of
the washcloth for each stroke
10 While holding catheter at meatus without tugging,
dries at least four inches of catheter moving away from
meatus using a dry cloth towel/washcloth
11 Empties, rinses, and dries basin
12 Places basin in designated dirty supply area
13 Disposes of used linen into soiled linen container and
disposes of linen protector appropriately
14 Avoids contact between candidate clothing and used
linen
15 Removes and disposes of gloves (without
contaminating self) into waste container and washes
hands
16 Signaling device is within reach and bed is in low
position
skill 19-provides foot care on one foot
1 Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and
directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
3 Before washing, checks water temperature for safety
and comfort and asks client to verify comfort of water
4 Basin is in a comfortable position for client and on
protective barrier
5 Puts on clean gloves before washing foot
6 Client’s bare foot is placed into the water
7 Applies soap to wet washcloth
8 Lifts foot from water and washes foot (including
between the toes)
9 Foot is rinsed (including between the toes)
10 Dries foot (including between the toes) with dry cloth
towel/washcloth
11 Applies lotion to top and bottom of foot (excluding
between the toes) removing excess with a towel/
washcloth
12 Supports foot and ankle during procedure
13 Empties, rinses, and dries basin
14 Places basin in designated dirty supply area
15 Disposes of used linen into soiled linen container
16 Removes and disposes of gloves (without contaminating
self) into waste container and washes hands
17 Signaling device is within reach
skill 20-provides mouth care
1 Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and
directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
3 Before providing mouth care, client is in upright sitting
position (75-90 degrees)
4 Puts on clean gloves before cleaning mouth
5 Places cloth towel across chest before providing mouth
care
6 Secures cup of water and moistens toothbrush
7 Before cleaning mouth, applies toothpaste to
moistened toothbrush
**8 Cleans mouth (including tongue and all surfaces of
teeth), using gentle motions
9 Maintains clean technique with placement of
toothbrush
10 Candidate holds emesis basin to chin while client
rinses mouth
11 Candidate wipes mouth and removes clothing
protector
12 Disposes of used linen into soiled linen container
13 Rinses toothbrush and empties, rinses, and dries basin
14 Removes and disposes of gloves (without
contaminating self) into waste container and washes
hands
15 Signaling device is within reach and bed is in low
position
skill 21-provides perineal care (peri-care) for female
1 Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and
directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
3 Before washing, checks water temperature for safety
and comfort and asks client to verify comfort of water
4 Puts on clean gloves before washing perineal area
5 Places pad/ linen protector under perineal area
including buttocks before washing
6 Exposes perineal area (only exposing between hips and
knees)
7 Applies soap to wet washcloth
**8 Washes genital area, moving from front to back,
while using a clean area of the washcloth for each
stroke
**9 Using clean washcloth, rinses soap from genital
area, moving from front to back, while using a clean
area of the washcloth for each stroke
10 Dries genital area moving from front to back with dry
cloth towel/washcloth
11 After washing genital area, turns to side, then washes
rectal area moving from front to back using a clean area
of washcloth for each stroke.
12 Using clean washcloth, rinses soap from rectal area,
moving from front to back, while using a clean area of
the washcloth for each stroke
13 Dries rectal area moving from front to back with dry
cloth towel/washcloth
14 Repositions client
15 Empties, rinses, and dries basin
16 Places basin in designated dirty supply area
17 Disposes of used linen into soiled linen container and
disposes of linen protector appropriately
18 Avoids contact between candidate clothing and used
linen
19 Removes and disposes of gloves (without
contaminating self) into waste container and washes
hands
20 Signaling device is within reach and bed is in low
position
skill 22-transfers from bed to wheelchair using transfer belt
1 Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and
directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Privacy is provided with a curtain, screen, or door
3 Before assisting to stand, wheelchair is positioned
alongside of bed, at head of bed facing foot or foot of
bed facing head
4 Before assisting to stand, footrests are folded up or
removed
**5 Before assisting to stand, locks wheels on wheelchair
6 Before assisting to stand, bed is at a safe level
7 Before assisting to stand, checks and/or locks bed
wheels
**8 Before assisting to stand, client is assisted to a
sitting position with feet flat on the floor
9 Before assisting to stand, client is wearing shoes
10 Before assisting to stand, applies transfer belt securely
at the waist over clothing/gown
11 Before assisting to stand, provides instructions to
enable client to assist in transfer including prearranged
signal to alert when to begin standing
12 Stands facing client positioning self to ensure safety of
candidate and client during transfer. Counts to three
(or says other prearranged signal) to alert client to
begin standing
13 On signal, gradually assists client to stand by grasping
transfer belt on both sides with an upward grasp
(candidates hands are in upward position) and
maintaining stability of client’s legs by standing knee to
knee, or toe to toe with the client
14 Assists client to turn to stand in front of wheelchair
with back of client’s legs against wheelchair
15 Lowers client into wheelchair
16 Positions client with hips touching back of wheelchair
and transfer belt is removed
17 Positions feet on footrests
18 Signaling device is within reach
19 After completing skill, washes hands
skill 23*-measures and records manual blood pressure
1 Explains procedure, speaking clearly, slowly, and
directly, maintaining face-to-face contact whenever
possible
2 Before using stethoscope, wipes bell/diaphragm and
earpieces of stethoscope with alcohol
3 Client’s arm is positioned with palm up and upper arm
is exposed
4 Feels for brachial artery on inner aspect of arm, at bend
of elbow
5 Places blood pressure cuff snugly on client’s upper arm,
with sensor/arrow over brachial artery site
6 Earpieces of stethoscope are in ears and bell/diaphragm
is over brachial artery site
7 Candidate inflates cuff between 160mm Hg to 180
mm Hg. If beat heard immediately upon cuff deflation,
completely deflate cuff. Re-inflate cuff to no more than
200 mm Hg
8 Deflates cuff slowly and notes the first sound (systolic
reading), and last sound (diastolic reading) (If
rounding needed, measurements are rounded UP to
the nearest 2 mm of mercury)
9 Removes cuff
10 Signaling device is within reach
11 Before recording, washes hands
**12 After obtaining reading using BP cuff and
stethoscope, records both systolic and diastolic
pressures each within plus or minus 8 mm of
evaluator’s reading
