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PNS #2 > CN X > Flashcards

CN X Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of CN X?

A

Vagus nerve

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2
Q

What CN is the vagus nerve?

A

CN X

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3
Q

How is the vagus nerve classified?

A

mixed cranial nerve

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4
Q

What kind of information is carried in the vagus nerve?

A

motor, parasympathetic, and sensory info

some taste

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5
Q

Where does the taste information come from?

A

the epiglottal region

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6
Q

What makes the vagus nerve special?

A

it is the LONGEST cranial nerve

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7
Q

The vagus is also considered……?

A

the most important parasympathetic nerve

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8
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the motor fibers located?

A

nucleus ambiguus

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9
Q

Where does the nucleus ambiguus receive information from?

A

both the cerebral hemispheres

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10
Q

Where do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the vagus nerve arise from (cell body location)?

A

posterior (dorsal) nucleus of the vagus

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11
Q

What information is indirectly received in the posterior (dorsal) nucleus of the vagus?

A

hypothalamus and carotid sinus

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12
Q

What are the nuclei of termination for the vagus nerve?

A

1) spinal nucleus of CN V

2) nucleus of the solitary tract

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13
Q

Where does the somatic sensory information of the vagus terminate?

A

spinal nucleus of the trigeminal

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14
Q

Where does taste and viscerosensory info from the vagus terminate?

A

nucleus of the solitary tract

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15
Q

What are the two peripheral ganglia associated with the vagus nerve?

A

superior and inferior ganglia

NOT THE SAME AS THE CN IX ONES

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16
Q

What is another name for the superior ganglion of the vagus?

A

jugular ganglion**

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17
Q

What is another name for the inferior ganglion of the vagus?

A

nodose ganglion**

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18
Q

What information of the vagus doesn’t have a nuclei of termination?

A

no parasympathetic ganglion

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19
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the somatic sensory info located?

A

superior (jugular) ganglion

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20
Q

Where is the somatic sensory info of the vagus from?

A

DURA (INFRATENTORIAL/POSTERIOR FOSSA)

auricle, external auditory canal, lateral tympanic membrane, mucosa of the oropharynx and laryngopharynx

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21
Q

What is the nuclei of termination for the somatic sensory info of the vagus?

A

spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)

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22
Q

Where is the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve found?

A

in the cord and inferior to the MO to C5 level

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23
Q

What else travels to the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve?

A

pain

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24
Q

Where are the cell bodies for the vagus taste info found?

A

inferior (nodose) ganglion

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25
Q

Where does the vagus taste info terminate?

A

superior part of the nucleus of the solitary tract

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26
Q

Where are the visceral sensory info of the vagus cell bodies found?

A

inferior (nodose) ganglion

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27
Q

What is the nucleus of termination of the visceral sensory info of the vagus?

A

inferior part of the nucleus for the solitary tract

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28
Q

What visceral sensory info is carried in the vagus?

A

larynx, laryngopharynx, viscera in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, pressure receptors in the aortic acrch and chemoreceptors in the paraaortic body

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29
Q

What is the apparent origin of the vagus nerve?

A

lateral aspect of the medulla oblongota as a series of rootlets (just inferior to CN IX)

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30
Q

The rootlets combine into a trunk and give off a branch before exiting the jugular foramen…. what is the branch?

A

meningeal branch

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31
Q

What does the meningeal branch supply?

A

dura of the posterior INFRATENTORIAL cranial fossa

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32
Q

What is the meningeal branch given off before?

A

jugular foramen

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33
Q

What part of the jugular foramen do the vagus and accessory exit?

A

anterior to septum

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34
Q

What part of the jugular foramen does the glossopharyngeal nerve exit?

A

posterior to the septum

35
Q

What do the vagus and accessory nerves share?

A

menigeal sheath (arachnoid and dura)

36
Q

Where is the superior (jugular) ganglion found?

A

in the jugular foramen

37
Q

Where is the inferior (nodose) ganglion found?

A

just out side the jugular foramen

38
Q

Which vagal ganglion is larger and more cylindrically shaped?

A

the inferior (nodose) ganglion

39
Q

What branch is given off at the superior (jugular) ganglion?

A

auricular branch

40
Q

What does the auricular branch supply?

A

external auditory meatus

sensory: meatus and small portion of the auricle

41
Q

What is the course of the auricular branch take?

A

through the mastoid canaliculus and tympanomastoid fissure to reach external auditory meatus

42
Q

After the vagus exits the jugular foramen what does it travel in?

A

in the carotid sheath with the internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein

43
Q

What does the vagus nerve travel with inferior to the carotid bifurcation?

A

between the internal jugular vein and common carotid artery

44
Q

What does the common carotid artery give off?

A

inferior carotid artery

45
Q

Where is the pharyngeal branch given off?

A

given off in the neck

46
Q

What level is the pharyngeal branch of the vagus given off at?

A

at the level of the inferior ganglion

47
Q

What will the pharyngeal branches of the vagus nerve combine with?

A

fibers from the glossopharyngeal nerve and sympathetic fibers from the sympathetic trunk forming the pharyngeal plexus

48
Q

Vagal motor fibers of the pharyngeal plexus supply what muscles?

A

pharyngeal constrictor muscles, levator veli palatine muscle of the soft palate

49
Q

Where are the vagal branches to the carotid artery given off?

A

at the inferior ganglion

50
Q

What kind of fibers are carried in the branches to the carotid artery?

A

viscerosensory fibers

51
Q

What in the nuclei of termination for the vagal branches to the carotid artery?

A

inferior part of the nucleus of the solitary tract

52
Q

What do the viscerosensory fibers of the vagal branches to the carotid artery carry information from?

A

chemoreceptors in the carotid body

53
Q

Where is the superior laryngeal nerve given off at?

A

just inferior to the inferior ganglion

54
Q

What does the superior laryngeal nerve divide into?

A

internal and external laryngeal nerve

55
Q

What does the external laryngeal nerve supply?

A

brachiomotor fibers to the cricothyroid muscle

56
Q

What does the internal laryngeal nerve supply?

A

sensory info from the laryngeal mucosa as far inferior as the vocal folds

57
Q

Where do the internal laryngeal nerve fibers synapse?

A

the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal

58
Q

What muscle doesn’t the recurrent laryngeal supply?

A

cricothyroid

59
Q

What muscles does the recurrent laryngeal nerve supply?

A

all muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid

60
Q

What sensory information does the recurrent meningeal nerve of the vagus carry?

A

larynx inferior to the vocal folds

61
Q

How does the left recurrent laryngeal nerve travel?

A

comes off vagus after the vagus passes INFRONT of the aortic arch, passes UNDER the aortic arch, ascends becoming the inferior laryngeal nerve

62
Q

What does the inferior laryngeal nerve supply?

A

laryngeal muscle

63
Q

What is the inferior laryngeal nerve a continuation of?

A

left recurrent laryngeal nerve

64
Q

How does the right recurrent laryngeal nerve travel?

A

passes posteriorly UNDER the the subclavian artery, ascending similar to left

65
Q

What direction do the right and left recurrent laryngeal travel?

A

ascend

66
Q

What kind of information does the superior and inferior cervical cardiac branches carry?

A

parasympathetic info to cardiac plexus

67
Q

How do the superior cervical cardiac plexus travel?

A

with the great vessels (ascending aorta and superior vena cava) to cardiac plexus

68
Q

What are the inferior cervical cardiac branches given off by?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerves traveling to the cardiac plexus

69
Q

One branch will carry viscerosensory information concerning pressure from where?

A

wall of the aorta

70
Q

When is the viscerosensory branch to the wall of the aorta stimulated?

A

when the aortic pressure becomes too high

71
Q

How does the vagus nerve enter the thorax?

A

posterior to the root of the ipsilateral lung, contributing to the pulmonary plexus

72
Q

What does the posterior pulmonary plexus carry?

A

larger, sympathetic info T2-5 or 6

73
Q

What does the anterior pulmonary plexus carry?

A

cervical sympathetic ganglia

74
Q

How does the right vagus nerve pass?

A

posterior, behind the esophagus

75
Q

How does the left vagus nerve pass?

A

anterior, in front of the esophagus

76
Q

What do the right and left vagus nerve in the thorax contribute to?

A

esophageal plexus

77
Q

How does the right vagal nerve enter the abdominal cavity?

A

through the esophageal opening, becoming the posterior vagal trunk

78
Q

What does the posterior vagal trunk send branches to?

A

the posterior stomach

79
Q

What does the posterior vagal trunk end in?

A

large celiac branch

80
Q

What does the celiac branch send branches to?

A

duodenum, liver, kidneys, SI, proximal 2/3 of the LI

81
Q

The celiac branch of the vagus sends fibers what plexuses that supply the abdominal organs?

A

celiac, superior mesenteric, and renal plexuses

82
Q

What does the left vagus nerve become after entering the abdominal cavity?

A

anterior vagal trunk

83
Q

What organs does the anterior vagal trunk supply?

A

stomach, liver, pancreas, and superior part of the duodenum

84
Q

What are some clinical considerations associated with the vagus nerve?

A

bilateral transection
lesions within the vault or close to the skull
damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve

PNS #2 (7 decks)

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