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Neuro > CN and spinal tracts > Flashcards

CN and spinal tracts Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial nerve with pharyngeal arch innervations?

A

CNV, CNVII, CNIX, CNX, CNXI

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2
Q

General visceral efferent

A

CNVII, CNVIII, CNIX and CNX

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3
Q

GSE nerves (somite dervied muscles)

A

CNIII, CNIV, CNVI and CNXII

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4
Q

SSA

A

Special sensory inputs, sight (CNII) and hearing (CNVIII)

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5
Q

SVA

A

Chemoreceptors and taste and smell

CNI, CNVII, CNIX, CNX

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6
Q

GVA

A

Smooth muscle of body viscera - CNVII, CNIX, CNX

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7
Q

CNVa

A

Sensory to facial skin (inc upper eyelid), mucus linings, orbital structures

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8
Q

CNVb

A

Sensory to facial skin (inc. lower eyelid), mucus linins and maxillary teeth root

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9
Q

CNVc

A

Sensory to facial skin, mucus linings, roots of mandibular teeth, salivary glands and tongue

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10
Q

Trigeminal cell bodies

A

Mostly in trigeminal ganglian at temporal fossa (mecke’s cave) but proprioception are in mesencephalic nucleus in midbrain)

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11
Q

Parasympathetic ganglion associations with trigeminal nerves

A

otic (CNIX)with CNVc
Pterygopalatine 9CNVII)with CNVb
Submandibular (CNVII) with CNVc

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12
Q

Muscles of 1st pharyngeal arch

A

Masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid.
mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor veli palatani and tensor tympani

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13
Q

UMN/LMN innervation for CNV

A

Upper is bilateral, LMR is ipsilateral only

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14
Q

Motor CNV nucleus

A

Medial to chief sensory nucleus in pons

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15
Q

Cheif and spinal CNV nuclei differences?

A

Chief is in pons, does conscious proprioception, vibration (essentially dorsal column)
Spinal in medulla, does pain and temperature.

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16
Q

CNV dorsal tract

A

ipsilateral to thalamus

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17
Q

CNV trigeminothalamic

A

Contralateral to thalamus

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18
Q

Which branch of which nerve passes through parotid?

A

CNVII motor branch

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19
Q

Motor branch branches

A

Temporalis, zygromatic, buccinator, marginal mandibular and cervical

20
Q

2nd Pharyngeal arch innervation

A

the muscles of facial expression, stapedius, stylohyoid, platysma and the posterior belly of digastric.

21
Q

UMN/LMN innervation through CNVII

A

Upper face is bilateral UMN innervation, lower face is contralateral only. Hence Bell’s palsy produces whole side paralysis, stroke is forehead sparing.

22
Q

nervous intermedious

A

Non motor part of CNVII, gives rise to chroda tympani and greater petrosal nerves.

23
Q

CNVII Nuclei for glands?

A

Pons has superior salivatory nucleus for CNVII

24
Q

Pathway for CNVII

A

Passes through internal acoustic meatus (greater petrosal branches off), then inner ear (gives of motor branch and chorda tympani) loops around inner ear then through middle ear

25
Q

CNIX: sensory/motor

A

GVA from pharynx, middle ear, posterior 1/3 of tongue, afferent limb of gag reflex (GVA)
SVA taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue
Motor to stylopharyngeus (3rd arch)

26
Q

Hypoglossal relation to skull

A

Hypoglossal canal is lateral to foramen magnum, medial to jugular foramen

27
Q

CNIX routee

A

Passes in between internal and external carotid through lateral pharyngeal wall

28
Q

CNXI

A

Posterior triangle of neck.
C1-C5 VENTRAL roots (unusual) and exits via jugular foramen (in carotid sheath) - laterally between ICA and IJV.
Found 1/3 down SCM, 2/3 down trapezius
At risk on carotid artery/high neck surgery
Passes under occipital artery and SCM
Superficial to ECA, ICA, lingual and facial arteries, then passes above mylohioid

29
Q

CNXII innervation

A

All intrinsic tongue muscles, all extrinsic tongue muscles (except palatoglossus - CNX)

30
Q

CNX and CNIX nucleus solitarius

A

CNIX gives taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue, info from carotid body/sinus
CNX gives GVA from GI, heart lung

31
Q

CNIX and CNX to nucleus ambiguus

A

CNIX motor to stylopharyngeus, CNX is motor to larynx, pharynx and soft palate

32
Q

CNX dorsal motor

A

Parasympathetic to GI, cardioresp

33
Q

CNIX and CNX Spinal nucleus of CNV

A

CNIX sensation from pharynx, middle ear

CNX sesnation from pharynx, larynx and external ear

34
Q

Nucleus locations for CNIX and CNX and CNXII

A

Most lateral is nucleus ambiguus, then spinal nucleus if CNV, then dorsal motor nucleus, then hypoglossal nucleus, and thennucleus solitarius and

35
Q

Medullary nuclei (other than solitary, ambiguus, dorsal motor, hypoglossal, spinal)

A

Cardio/resp centres (resp has pons input), chemoreceptor trigger zone, cough, sneeze, swallow, hiccup, yawning.
Also has nuclei for gracilis, cuneatus and olivary nuclei

36
Q

Ascending and descending reticulospinal tracts

A

Descending is for muscle tone, posture of head, neck and eye movements. Ascending is arousal - > transmits to thalamus and cerebral cortex.

37
Q

Pontine nuclei

A

CNV, CNVI, CNVII, CNVIII, respiratory nuclei (apneustic and pneumotaxic centres) Cerebellar peduncles

38
Q

Pineal gland

A

Secretes melatonin (sleep inducing)

39
Q

Rubrospinal

A

Comes from red nucleus in midbrain, decussates at midbrain. ends at ventral horn.
Controls limb flexors and inhibits extensors

40
Q

Vestibulospinal

A

Comes from pons (lateral) and medulla (meial). Does not decussate. Controls limb extensors and neck extensor (blance/posture)

41
Q

Tectospinal tract

A

Come from superior and inferior colliculi, run to cervical ventral horns. Decussates at brainstem. Head/neck/eye regulation in response to visual/auditory stimuli

42
Q

Reticulospinal

A

Cones from pons and medulla. Does not decussate.

Influences voluntary movement, reflexes, muscle tone (pontine increases tone, medullary tract decreases it)

43
Q

Corticospinal tract

A

Corticospinal tract descends from the primary motor cortex, largely decussates at the medullary pyramids and then synapses at the ventral horn (lower motor neuron). Lateral crosses at medulla, ventral crosses at spinal cord.

44
Q

Dorsal ascending tract

A

Dorsal column (has fasciculus cuneatus (upper limb) and fasciculus gracilis (lower limb)) and carries information about concious proprioception, vibration and 2 point discrimination to dorsal column nuclei, then decussating at medial lemniscus and then synapsing at contralateral thalamus, and then 3rd order neurones synapsing at somatosensory cortex.

45
Q

Spinothalamic

A

Spinothalamic has decussation at spinal cord level (primary), then ascending to thalamus (secondary), then from thalamus to somatosensory cortex (tertiary).
Carries information about pain and temperature (lateral) and touch (ventral

Neuro (6 decks)

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